GORILLA AND CHIMPANZEE 
9 
arms and chest are of enormous proportions. 1 
The countenance of the Gorilla is very ugly and 
repulsive, and the shape of its skull is much 
farther from that of man than are those of the 
chimpanzee and orang-utan. Its skin is black, 
and the hair of full-grown specimens is grizzly 
gray. 
The Gorilla inhabits only a very small area in 
West Africa, directly on the equator, between 
the Gaboon and Congo Rivers, and extending 
only two hundred miles back from the coast. 
It is very shy, and so difficult to approach in 
those dark and tangled forests that very few 
white men ever have seen one wild. 
One of the most remarkable specimens ever 
secured was the huge old male killed and photo- 
graphed by Mr. H. Paschen, a German trader, 
near Tsonu Town, German Cameroon country, 
two hundred and forty miles north of the equa- 
tor, in 1901. This animal, photographed in the 
flesh, with three natives beside it for compari- 
son, to show its immense size, was shot in a 
tree, without difficulty or danger. It measured 
66 inches in height, its chest, arms and shoul- 
ders were of gigantic proportions, and its weight 
was estimated at 500 pounds. Twelve men 
were required to carry it from the jungle to the 
village, where it was photographed. 
On account of the sullen, sulky disposition of 
the Gorilla in captivity, only one of the four or 
five young specimens that have been brought to 
Europe has lived longer than about eighteen 
months. They sulk, often refuse food, will not 
exercise, and die of indigestion. Up to this 
date (1903) only one live Gorilla, and that a tiny 
infant, has ever landed in the United States; 
and it lived only five days after arrival. Show- 
men sometimes label a baboon “Gorilla,” or 
“Lion-Slayer,” and it is well to remember that 
the Gorilla has no tail whatever. 
The Chimpanzee 2 is about one-third smaller 
than the gorilla. Its brain, face, ears and hands 
are more man-like than those of any other ape, 
and its large brain and keen mind render it in 
thought and habit much more man-like than the 
1 The average man of the Anglo-Saxon race is 
5 feet 6 inches in height and weighs 160 pounds. 
2 Pan troglodytes. Described in most books under 
the untenable and more unwieldy name of Anthro- 
popithecus troglodytes. This animal has been de- 
scribed under nine different generic names, but Pan 
is the oldest one available and the best. 
gorilla. It is an animal of bright and cheerful 
disposition, though subject to sudden fits of bad 
temper, and having a good memory, it is easily 
taught. Young Chimpanzees are affectionate 
and child-like, but when large and strong, the 
males are usually dangerous, and not to be 
trusted. Some individuals have displayed re- 
markable intelligence. “Sally,” of the London 
Zoological Gardens, could count correctly up to 
five, whenever bidden, and hand out the correct 
number of straws. 
After several years of observation of living 
Chimpanzees and orang-utans, in daily com- 
parison, 1 am convinced that the only substantial 
psychological differences between the two species 
are (1) that the temperament of the Chimpanzee 
N. Y. Zoological Park. 
YOUNG FEMALE CHIMPANZEE. 
is of the nervous type, and its mind is more alert 
and prompt in action than that of the orang, 
while on the other hand (2) the temperament 
of the orang is sanguine, its disposition is more 
serene, and while its mind may be somewhat 
less showy on exhibition, its capacity is quite 
equal to that of the Chimpanzee. The greater 
quickness of the Chimpanzee, both in thought 
and action, renders it on the whole the best show 
animal in public performances. 
Many persons consider the Chimpanzee supe- 
rior in intelligence to the orang-utan, but thus 
far the only real difference appears to be that the 
