CHAPTER VIII 
THE ORDER OF HOOFED ANIMALS 
UNGULATA 
The Order which includes the hoofed animals of the world is called Un-gu-la'ta, a Latin word 
which means “hoofed.” In North America, it is represented by a great variety of forms, several 
of which are of special importance. 
Before seeking to become acquainted with these animals, the student must pause long enough 
to gain a bird’s-eye view of the groups into which they are divided, and thereby understand their 
relationships, clearly and correctly. 
The following diagram of arrangement is very simple, and the animals it sets forth are in some 
respects the most important in America. 
THE GROUPS OF NORTH AMERICAN HOOFED ANIMALS. 
FAMILIES. 
GROUPS. 
EXAMPLES. 
ORDER 
UNGULATA. 
Hoofed 
Animals 
(Of North 
America only) . 
Cattle and Sheep 
Family, 
or BOVIDAE: 
Antelope Family, 
or ANTILOCAPRI- 
DAE: 
Deer Family, 
or CERVIDAE: 
Peccary Family, 
or TAYASSUIDAE : 
Tapir Family, 
or TAPIRIDAE : 
Cattle: 
Sheep- 
Cattle : 
Sheep : 
Goat : 
\ American Risen : 
I Buffalo, 
j- Musk-Ox, 
i Big-Horn, 
, White Sheep, 
( Black Sheep, 
Mountain Goat, 
Prong-Horned Ante- 
lope, 
Round- 
Horned 
Groups : 
! Elk, or Wapiti, 
White-Tailed Deer, 
Mule Deer, 
Black-Tailed Deer, 
Flat- 
Horned 
Groups : 
Barren-Ground 
Caribou, 
Woodland Caribou, 
Moose, 
. . . Collared Peccary, 
. . . Dow’s Tapir, 
Bos americanus. 
Ovibos moschatus. 
Ovis canadensis. 
Ovis dalli. 
Ovis stonei. 
Oreamnos montanus. 
Antilocapra americana. 
Cervus canadensis. 
Odocoileus virginianus. 
Odocoileus hemionus. 
Odocoileus columbianus. 
Rangifer arcticus. 
Rangifer caribou. 
Alces americanus. 
Tayassu tajacu. 
Tapirus dowi. 
THE CATTLE AND SHEEP FAMILY. 
Bo'vi-dae. 
General Characters. — The Cattle Family 
of the world contains a grand array of large ani- 
mals, such as the wild cattle, bison, buffalo, 
musk-ox, mountain sheep, ibex, and wild goats. 
There are about fifty species in all, scattered 
over all continents save South America and 
Australia. All the members of this Family have 
divided hoofs, and simple horns (i.e., not branch- 
ing) consisting of a hollow sheath growing over 
