THE FOUNDATION FOR BIRD-STUDIES 
175 
various Orders of birds may as well refrain from 
attempting to know our feathered friends; for 
that knowledge is quite as necessary as founda- 
tion-stones are to a tall building. The names of 
the Orders must be learned, and remembered! 
For the purpose of making the contents of each 
Order familiar to the reader, representatives of 
the most important Families it contains will 
be mentioned, and illustrated by the presenta- 
tion of at least one species. 
THE ORDERS OF LIVING BIRDS. 
PRONUNCIATION. 
Passeres Pas'se-rez 
Macrochires. . . .Mac-ro-chi'rez 
CHARACTER OF BIRDS 
INCLUDED. 
Perching-Birds 
Goatsuckers, Swifts ) 
and Humming- 
Birds ) 
Psittaci 
Pici .... 
Coccyges 
. Sit'ta-si Parrots and Macaws . . 
. Pi' si Woodpeckers 
S Cuckoos and King- 
. Coc'si-gez 
fishers 
Raptores Rap-to'rez Birds of Prey 
Columbae Co-lum'be Pigeons and Doves. . . . 
Gallinae Gal-li'ne Scratching-Birds 
Limicolae Li-mic'o-le Shore-Birds 
Paludicolae .... Pal-u-dik' o-le Cranes and Rails 
Herodiones. . . . 
. Her-o-de-o'nez . . . 
Odontoglossae . 
. O-don-to-glos' se . . 
Anseres 
.An'se-rez 
■} 
Steganopodes . . 
. Steg-a-nop' o-dez . . 
J 
' { 
Tubinares 
. Tu-bi-na'rez 
•I 
Longipennes . . . 
. Lon-gi-pen'nez . . . 
i 
'■ 1 
Pygopodes 
. Py-gop'o-dez 
Impennes 
.Im-pen'-ez 
Ratitae 
.Ra-ti'te 
Tube - Nosed Swim- 
mers 
Long-Winged Swim- 
Flightless Runners . . . 
EXAMPLES. 
Robin, Warbler and Jay. 
Nighthawk, Swift, Ruby-Throat. 
Carolina Parakeet, Macaw. 
Golden-Winged Woodpecker. 
Belted Kingfisher, Cuckoo. 
Eagle, Owl and Vulture. 
Band-Tailed Pigeon, Mourning-Dove. 
.Quail, Grouse, Wild-Turkey. 
.Plover, Woodcock, Snipe. 
.Whooping Crane, Virginia Rail. 
.Great Blue Heron, Snowy Egret. 
.American Flamingo. 
Mallard, Canada Goose, Swan. 
Pelican, Darter, Cormorant. 
Albatross. 
Gull and Tern. 
Loon, Grebe, Auk, Murre. 
. Penguin. 
Ostrich, Cassowary. 
