THE ORDERS OF LIVING FISHES 
ORDERS OMITTED. TYPES CHIEFLY NORTH AMERICAN 
SUBCLASSES 
BONY FISHES: 
Continued. 
ORDERS AND CHARACTERS 
FLAT-FISHES, . het-e-ro-so'ma-ta 
Without bilateral symmetry. Both eyes on 
one side. Flat, oval. Swim in horizontal 
plane. 
FOOT-FISHES, . pe-dic-u-la'ti . 
Mouth enormous ; body broad, flattened, bag- 
like. Pectoral fins long at base. 
EELS, AP'O-DES .... 
Body long, slender, snake-like. No ventral 
fins, no scales. 
PIPE-FISHES and 
SEA-HORSES, lo-pho-bran'chi 
Gills tufted ; mouth tubular ; body covered 
with scale armor. Very unlike true fishes. 
TYPES AND 
EXAMPLES 
PAGE 
Common Hali- 
but .... 418 
Angler .... 420 
Electric Eel . . 421 
Pipe-Fish and 
Sea-Horse . . 423 
GANOIDS: 
Armored Fishes, 
and their allies. 
The DOGFISH, . hal-e-co-mor'phi 
Air bladder cellular, acting as rudimentary 
lung. Helmet-headed. 
GAR-FISHES, . . ging-ly-mo'di . 
Ancient forms, covered with formidable bony 
armor. 
STURGEONS, . . glan-i-os'to-mi . 
Body with rows of large, bony plates. Mouth 
with barbels. 
PADDLE- FISH, . sel-a-chos'to-mi 
Scaleless, shark-like. Broad, bony paddle pro- 
jecting from nose. 
Dogfish or Bow- 
fin 424 
Gar Pike . . . 425 
Alligator Gar . 425 
| Lake Sturgeon . 427 
Paddle-Fish . . 429 
CHIMERAS : 
j CHIMERAS, . . . CHI-MAE-ROI'DE-I 
I Odd, shark-like forms. 
-[ Chimera collei . 431 
CARTILAGINOUS 
FISHES : 
With soft skeletons. 
Lowest Fishes. 
SHARKS, . . . . . SQUA'LI . . 
Scales minute ; skeleton cartilaginous, 
species bring forth their young alive. 
RAYS and SKATES, RA'I-AE . ... j Shark-Ray . . 434 
Excessively flattened, but otherwise shark-like. \ Sting Ray . . . 435 
Many species with long, whip-like tails. [ Devil-Fish . . 435 
) Mackerel Shark 432 
Many \ Hammerhead . 433 
