■( 3 ) 
SECTION THE SECOND. 
OF THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPIDERS. 
' 9 - Their Eyes are eight in number, and placed in the fore part of the thorax. But 
becaufe their different fituations, and relative fize and colour, ferve to dilfinguifli the genera, 
they will be noticed in the defcription of each genus. 
20. They have eight legs, joined to the lower fide of the thorax. Each of them has fix 
joints 3 the joint neareff the breaff is very flender, this is what I call the junBiire of the leg. 
The next to this is very thick, and may be called the thigh. Then fucceeds a nodule, which 
I regard as a geniculusy with which the antepenultimate is joined, and which, being fmaller 
than the thigh, may be called the tibia or leg-bone. The penultimate joint, or laft but one, 
is the foot. The lafl of all is the toe., on which are feated two black claws. The different 
length and proportion of the legs, as well as the greater or fmaller quantity of hairs, briffles, 
and prickles, will be particularized in the defcription of the different caffs and fpecies. 
21. As all Spiders are hairy, though in different degrees, I call the fhorter and finer hair 
lanugo, or down ; that which is larger and longer, hair ; when ff ill coarfer and hardier, brifile ; 
and the ffrongeff of all I name prickle, becaufe it bears a much greater refemblance to the 
prickles of feveral thorny vegetables, than to hair. The prickles are found in the greateff 
quantity on the legs of Spiders, and are of two forts, viz. acute and obtufej the former are 
common ; the latter rare. 
22. The arms, which are placed obliquely under the eyes, before the legs, are hairy j and 
confiff at leaff of three joints. They may eafily be miffaken by inattentive obfervers for legs, 
fmce the animal moves them in walking, as men do tlieir arms in running. The arms are 
worthy of attention in Spiders, as they ferve to diffinguifh not only the fex, but in a great 
meafure the fpecies. The males have two male organs, one feated on each armj whence the 
extremities of the arms in the two fexes are differently formed ; which will be feparately ex- 
plained, fo far as my obfervations reach, by defcriptions illuflrated by figures. The arms 
of all the females are flraight, or fomewhat like a rounded pole. 
23. The holders (retinacula) are a new name, by which I diffinguidi the two moveable 
limbs placed under the eyes in a perpendicular line. With thefe limbs all Spiders are fur- 
niflied i 
