archeology, as well as American ethnology can he expected to 
illuminate is clearly indicated in the accompanying diagram* 
represented by the five spaces which, beginning below, are, 
(l) the stage of prehuman development through and out of which 
the race arose; (2) the savage stage in which humanity took 
definite shape; (3) the barbarous stage in which the powerful 
nations were founded, and systems of record were developed; 
(4) the civilised stage in which higher culture was achieved, 
and (5) the enlightened stag©, reached as yet only by a limited 
number of nations* The idea of time is not involved in this dia- 
gram* The stages of progress thus become the scale on which the 
cultural achievements of any race or people in its struggle 
In this diagram the whole field of human history is 
