strands of culture had appeared and had grown strong but writ- 
ing had not been achieved and other arts peculiar to eiviliza- 
tion had not made their appearance. Within this field American*- 
ists pursue their studies and make their contributions to the 
i 
history of the race and of developing civilization* Above this 
3tage they find nothing and below only meager and uncertain 
t raves of the beginning stages? of human culture. The arched- 
A 
h^/'Vv' 
ogist finds within this limited American field extensive nhenom- 
\ 
ena relating to the various branches of barbarian activity and 
especially to such as leave their traces in objective form. 
Prominent among these branches are the acquirement of the raw 
materials of culture, including agriculture , hunting, fishing, 
quarrying and mining; the shaping of implements end utensils; 
the building arts, metallurgy, sculpture, ceramics, the textile 
arts, the graphic arts and writing, 
religious arts, personal adornment, 
war, games , culinary arts, 
the decorative arts, etc. 
These groups of phenomena as exhibited in America have been the 
