42 
COPELAND. 
sori small ; costular ; indusium dark, fragile, soon disappearing unless for 
an irregular base. Fronds whose largest pinnules are less than 3 cm 
long are sometimes fertile. 
Mindanao (Mount Balabac, alt. 1,200 m). 
39. Cyathea heterochlamydea Copel. in Elmer’s Leaflets 2 (1908) 418. 
Trunk 3 to 5 m high, 5 to 7.5 cm thick; frond sessile, 1.5 m long, 
rachis clear-brown, almost glabrous, rough with small pustules; largest 
pinna? 30 to 35 cm long, abruptly narrowed below the acuminate apex, 
rachises chestnut, mottled, asperulous, clothed with minute bullate scales 
and lanceolate, chestnut ones 2.5 mm long, with dilated bases, both kinds 
rather deciduous; pinnules subsessile, 7 cm long, 15 mm wide at the base, 
acuminate, pinnate, costa bearing a few hairs above, and sparse, broadly 
lanceolate scales 1.5 mm long beneath; segments coriaceous, acute, sub- 
falcate, serrulate toward the apex, 2 to 3 mm wide, separated by sharp 
sinuses, the lowest segments free and contracted at the base, and a few 
succeeding ones free but adnate; lamina dark-green above, pale beneath, 
glabrous ; veinlets up to 9 on a side, the lower ones forked, black beneath, 
pale above; sori costular, on the lower half or two-thirds of the segment, 
indusium consisting of a single large scale fastened beneath the sorus, 
and inclosing on the costular side half or more of the sorus. Probably 
related to C. Christii and C. negrosiana. 
Negros (Horn of Negros, alt. 1,800 m). 
40. Cyathea mitrata Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 3 (1908) 354. 
Known only from a pinna and part of the rachis. Rachis brown, 
almost glabrous, minutely scabrous, bearing scar-like aerophores at the 
bases of the pinnae and along the angles of the rachis; pinnae 40 cm 
long, 15 cm wide, sessile, their rachises sparsely clothed beneath with a 
scurf of minute scales, and a very few lanceolate ones 2 mm long; 
pinnules 7 cm long, 15 mm wide, acuminate, cut almost throughout into 
distinct secondary pinnules; costae hairy above, bearing two kinds of 
scales beneath; secondary pinnules linear-oblong, obtuse, the lower ones 
stalked and deeply lobed, the upper ones crenate, coriaceous, lamina 
glabrous, black above, brownish-green beneath, margin deflexed; veinlets 
forked; sori costular, indusium very large and globose, then split like a 
mitre, or to the base, and very persistent, covering the nether surface. 
Mindanao (Mount Malindang, alt. 2,800 m). 
41. Cyathea loheri Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 6 (1906) 1007. 
Trunk 5 m high; frond 1 m long, 40 cm broad, with pinnae down to 
the base of the stipe; middle pinnae 30 cm long, the lowest reduced to 
hardly 6 cm; stipe chestnut, rough with minute pustules; rachises and 
costae rufous-hairy above, densely scaly beneath, with large, whitish, fim- 
briate scales and minute, bullate, rufous ones; pinnules 7 cm long, 13 mm 
