50 
COPELAND. 
rachis roughish and glabrescent beneath; frond 1.5 to 2 m long, barely 
tripinnate; lowest pinnae reduced and deflexed, sometimes running down 
almost to the trunk, the middle ones the largest, 50 cm long, 12 to 14 cm 
wide, acuminate, horizontal, suhsessile, their rachises very felty above, 
beneath scurfy with minute, pale, bullate, rather deciduous squamules; 
pinnules subsessile, lanceolate, acuminate, 7 cm long, cut mostly to a 
narrow wing, but at the base to the costa, the secondary pinnules adnate, 
costae clothed above with dark hairs, beneath with partly deciduous, 
minute, pale, bullate squamules, which extend to the costules; segments 
more or less remote but never very close, linear-oblong, subfalcate, 
denticulate, mostly obtuse, the lamina subcoriaceous, glabrous, dark- 
green above, paler beneath; veinlets 7 to 9 on a side, mostly forked; sori 
costular, crowded; indusium breaking at first into large pieces, finally 
breaking down to a saucer-shaped remnant. 
Mindanao, alt. 1,000 to 1,800 m. 
— 67. Cyathea alderwereltii Copel. nomen novum (Hemitelia sumatrana v.A.v.R. 
in Bull. Dept. Agr. Ind. Neerl. 18 (1908) 2, not C. sumatrana Baker). 
Frond subtripinnate, chartaceous ; rachis muricate with short, acute 
warts black at the apex; pinnae 55 cm more or less long, stalked; pinnules 
8 to 12 cm long, about 2 cm wide, linear-oblong short-acuminate, cut 
at the base to the costa; costae hairy above, beneath densely scaly, as 
are the costules, scales ferrugineous ; segments linear-oblong, subacute, 
crenate-dentate ; veinlets once or twice forked ; sori 1 to 4 on a side, sub- 
costular, indusium brown, incomplete. 
Sumatra. 
68. Cyathea callosa Christ (Alsophila extensa J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 
3 (1841) 419, non Desv. nec Blume). 
Trunk 1 m high, 8 cm in diameter; stipe stout, dark purple, densely 
spiny, furfuraceous like the lower part of the rachis, and bearing harsh, 
shining, dark, narrow palese 15 to 20 cm long, the stipe very short 
because of numerous very reduced pinnae running down almost to the 
trunk ; rachis glabrescent upward, brown, the spines becoming small and 
sparse but not quite disappearing; pinnae up to 50 or 60 cm long, and 
20 cm wide, short-stalked, with a small aerophore subtending the attach- 
ment of each to the main rachis, rachises beneath like the main rachis, 
above hairy, as are the slender costae; pinnules up to 11 cm long and 2.5 
cm wide, acuminate or caudate, sessile or subsessile, ciat at the base to 
the costa, the free segments more or less adnate, costa typically with a 
few small scales beneath, sometimes naked; segments crowded, falcate 
or subfalcate, linear-oblong, obtuse, serrulate toward the apex, costules 
usually with a few scales beneath, naked above, lamina glabrous, 
coriaceous, dark above, pale beneath ; veinlets about 1 1 on a side, forked ; 
sori strictly costular, 1 mm wide, indusium persistent. I have identified 
this plant from an authentic specimen, rather than by description: it 
