54 
COPELAND. 
glabrous, very dark above, pale beneath; veinlets up to 13 on a side, nearly 
all forked ; sori strictly costular, small, indusium usually represented by a 
scale, as in C. latebrosa. 
Luzon, alt. 700 to 1,300 m. 
77. Cyathea elmeri Copel. (Alsophila elmeri Copel. in Elmer’s Leaflets 2 
(1908) 419). 
Trunk 5 to 10 m high, 10 to 15 cm thick; stipe short, densely covered 
with dark-brown, minutely ciliate-serrate, seta-like scales 25 to 30 mm 
long and 0.5 mm wide, which also persist on the trunk around the leaf- 
scars ; frond, including stipe, 2 to 3 m long ; rachis stramineous beneath, 
beset with small, sharp spines with black, mammiform bases, scurfy with 
minute, rather deciduous squamules; pinnae 60 cm long, 25 cm wide, 
subsessile, acuminate, rachises tawny beneath, finely prickly and 
deciduously squamulose; pinnules 13 cm long, 25 mm wide, acuminate, 
sessile, close, pinnate near the base and the lowest secondary pinnules not 
adnate, costae bearing pale hairs above, and beneath two kinds of stram- 
ineous scales : minute, bullate ones, ciliate or subentire, and larger, 
lanceolate ones, strongly lacerate into brown setae (the latter scales very 
characteristic) ; segments subfalcate, obtuse, 3.5 mm wide, serrulate, 
separated by narrow sinuses, costules beneath bearing sparse, pale, bullate 
squamules and hairs, lamina glabrous, herbaceous-coriaceous, green on 
both sides; veinlets 10 to 12 on a side, mostly forked below the middle, 
with the sori in the forks; sori two-thirds to 1 mm wide, exindusiate. 
Very like C. latebrosa except for the lacerate scales. 
Negros (Horn of Negros Mountain, alt. 1,200 m). 
78. Cyathea adenochlamys Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 6 (1906) 1008. 
Frond coriaceous, pale beneath, 100 cm long by 60 cm wide, or larger; 
pinnae subpetiolate, articulate to main rachis, 40 cm long ; pinnules 7 cm 
long, 14 min wide, cut to the costa, segments about 17 on a side, obtuse 
or subacute ; rachis unarmed, rufous- or fulvous-stramineous, covered with 
a short pubescence; costae reddish-pubescent on both sides; veinlets 10 
to 12 on a side, black, the lower ones forked, the others simple; sori 5 
or 6 on a side, 1 mm wide, costular; indusium pale-green, persistent, 
densely covered with pale, sessile glands. 
Luzon (Bizal Province, Angilog). 
79. Cyathea leucotricha Christ. 
Rachis glabrous, brownish-rufescent, secondary ones beneath bearing 
long, white hairs; pinnae crowded, sessile or subsessile, 50 cm long, 18 cm 
wide, acuminate; pinnules 9 cm long, 18 mm wide, acuminate, cut to 
the costa, sinuses narrow and acute; segments 10 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 
pectinate, falcate, entire or crenulate at the apex, acute, coriaceous, pale 
beneath but not glaucous ; costae and costules rough with minute, 
appressed hairs ; veinlets forked midway or below ; sori in the forks, 1 mm 
