62 
COPELAND. 
region, one in the Azores, etc., and one in tropical America. It is very 
nearly related to Dennstaedtia and Dicksonia — so nearly that they would 
all as well be included in Polypodiacece. The discontinuous distribution 
and its intermediate position between two families mark it as a very old 
genus. 
Sori in the sinuses 1 . B. javanicum 
Sori on the teeth 2. B. copelandi 
1. Balantium javanicum (Bl.) Copel. (Dicksonia javanica Bl. Enum. 240). 
Caudex arborescent (teste Eaciborski) ; frond quadripinnate, up to 
1.5 ni long and 60 cm wide, axes densely appressed-pubescent, pinnae and 
pinnules ovate-oblong, very acuminate; secondary pinnules short-stalked; 
tertiary pinnules sessile with cuneate base, up to 1 cm long and half as 
wide, deeply cut into segments 1 to 2 mm wide, hairy beneath with white 
hairs, sparsely hairy above; sori small, in the sinuses, submarginal. Yan 
Alderverelt states that the annules is vertical; which is not an unknown 
condition elsewhere in Balantium. 
Java, at middle elevations. 
Dennstaedtia Formosae Christ is similar to B. javanicum, but the stem of the 
plant is unknown. 
2. Balantium copelandi Christ in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 3 (1908) 301. 
(Plate XIX.) 
Similar to the preceding species, but the sori placed on minor teeth, 
and marginal, and the tertiary pinnules usually narrower. The caudex 
usually does not rise above the ground, but may reach at height of 60 cm 
the fronds, exclusive of stipe, are 50 cm to 3 m long. 
Luzon, Negros. 
3. DICKSONIA L’Heritier. 
Tree-ferns, with 2 or 3 times pinnate fronds ; pinnules equal-sided, the 
sterile ones in our species decidedly reduced ; indusium and corresponding 
leaf -margin more or less coriaceous. A genus of 17 recognized species, 
chiefly in the southern hemisphere. Dicksonia is properly the name of the 
preceding genus. I should have used it in that way except that this genus 
has no tenable name. 
Dicksonia blumei (Kze.) Moore. (Plate XX.) 
Trunk up to 6 m high and 20 cm in diameter ; its crown and the bases 
of the stipes densely clothed with golden acicular scales, becoming brown 
on the stipes; stipes up to 80 cm long; fronds up to 3 m long, usually 
less, tripinnate; rachises densely pubescent; pinnae up to 80 cm long; 
pinnules up to 12 cm long, about 2 cm wide almost horizontal; secondary 
pinnae adnate, narrowly oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, the sterile ones toothed, 
dark green and shining above, paler beneath, and hairy on the costa; 
