428 
FOXWORTHY. 
The different incense woods of the Malay region are usually known 
as Icayu garu. Besides those mentioned, there are various species of 
Gonystylus quite widely known and used. 
A comparatively local incense wood is the Icayu laka, which is obtained 
from the roots of Dalbergia cumingiana Benth., in Borneo. It is used 
mainly in China. 
Besides the incense woods already named, there are a number of more 
or less local importance. Some of these are Wilcstroemia candolleana 
Meissn., Excoecaria agallocha L., Canarium sp., Alyxia stellata R. & S., 
Epicharis loureiri Pierre, Lepiaglaia bailloni Pierre, etc. 
Boorsma, G. W. Ueber Aloeholz und andere Rieclihdlzer. — Bull. Dept. Agric 
Buitenzorg 7 .(1907) 1-43. Ridley, H. N. ; Garu and chandan. — Journ. Straits 
Branch Asiat. Soc. 35 (1901) 73-82; Fliikiger-Pharmakognosie 216. 
IRONWOOD. 
This name or its equivalent is found applied to a number of different 
woods on account of their hardness; and any wood of conspicuous 
hardness is liable to be called by this name. Nearly all the ironwoods, and 
about eighty are known, have other local names, the name ironwood 
having evidently been introduced after the advent of English-speaking 
people. Usually the wood is extremely hard, dense and dark-colored 
and sinks in water. 
A list of the ironwoods of this region follows : 
1. Billian or Borneo ironwood ( Eusideroxylon zwageri T. & B.). Found in 
Borneo and Sumatra. (See p. 452.) 
2. Agoho or kayu ru (Casuarina equisetifolia Forst.). Seacoasts throughout the 
whole region. (See p. 444.) 
3. Casuarina montana Jungli. Java and Borneo. 
4. Ru ronan ( Casuarina sumatrana Jungli. ). Malaya. (See p. 444.) 
5. Tampinis ( Sloetia sideroxylon T. et B.). Federated Malay States and Straits 
Settlements; Borneo. (See p. 447.) 
6. Cryptocarya ferrea Bl. Java. 
7. Nagesali (Mesua ferrea L.). Ceylon; India; Malaya. (See p. 505.) 
8. Aglaia minahassae T. et B. Celebes. (See p. 477.) 
9. Dodonaea sp. Seacoasts. (See p. 493.) 
10. Gupania lessertiana Cambess. 
11. Homalium foetidum Benth. 
12. Kayu besi ( Metrosideros vera (Rumph.) Niedenzu). Moluccas to China. 
(See p. 535.) 
13. Mancono (Xanthostemon verdugonianus Naves). Philippines. (See p. 536.) 
14. Ipil ( Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) 0. Ktze.). Seacoasts. (See p. 461.) 
15. Mirabow ( Intsia balceri Prain). Malaya. (See p. 461.) 
16. Baryxylum rufum Lour. Cochin China. 
17. Acacia farnesiana Willd. Tropics. (See p. 470.) 
18. Acacia ferruginea DC. East Indies. (See p. 470.) 
19. Pynkadu ( Xylia dolabriformis Benth.). India. (See p. 463.) 
20. Imbricaria maxima Poir. Moluccas. 
21. Sideroxylon nitidum Bl. Java. 
