INDO-MALAYAN WOODS. 
445 
JUGLANDACE2E. 
This family is not found very abundantly in this region. The few 
representatives are usually scattered and comparatively unimportant. 
Pores scattered ; pith-rays fine ; wavy concentric lines of wood parenchyma. 
Englehardtia serrata Bl. Plate XXII, fig. 4. 
Malaya. 
An easily worked wood of not much importance. 
FAGACE2E. 
The members of this family are fairly numerous in the Orient, but 
they are of comparatively little importance. Many of the species of 
Quercus furnish a rather inferior quality of wood, which is said not 
to be durable. Some species are used in India, but their use can not be 
said to be at all general. Wood brownish, very hard and moderately 
heavy to heavy, generally with a distinct, darker-colored heartwood. 
Pores small to large, arranged in radial lines or elongated patches. Sea- 
sonal rings not distinct. Wood parenchyma in wavy concentric lines 
and more or less grouped about the vessels. Pith-rays small to very large. 
Quercus. This genus is divided into two groups, according to the size 
of the pith-rays. First group, all the pith-rays very fine, very numerous, 
uniform and equidistant. Wood seasons well, does not warp or crack. 
Second group, pith-rays of two classes, very fine and broad, the latter very 
prominent on a vertical section, making a silver grain of rather large 
plates. Wood usually warps and splits in seasoning. 
Quercus soleriana Vid. Plate XXII, fig. 5. Cateban (Phil.). 
Philippines. 
Used comparatively little ; said not to be durable. 
ULMACE2E. 
Celtis australis L. 
Southern Europe, tropical and temperate Asia. 
Eather local in hilly country. 
Wood gray or yellowish-gray, with streaks of darker color, hard and 
heavy, tough and strong. ITsed for tool handles and other implements. 
(Iamb. 625, tab. XIII, fig. 3; Nord. I. 
Other species of Celtis furnish wood much like the above and which is used 
for the same purposes. 
