482 
FOXWORTHY. 
Xylocarpus. Wood dark, red, hard and heavy. Concentric lines of 
wood parenchyma seeming to mark regions of growth. Pores medium- 
sized to small, scattered. Pith-rays fine. 
Xylocarpus obovatus A. Juss. (Oarapa obovata Bl.) Nigue; nigi; tabigue 
(Phil.); niri; nireh (M. ). 
East Africa to the Fiji Islands, in mangrove swamps. 
Wood very fine-grained and durable. Finishes well and is often used 
for fine furniture. It shrinks very little and is often made into furniture 
while still very fresh ; used also for sandals. An excellent firewood. 
Becc. 574; Gamb. 153; Bidl. 100; K. & V. 3:189-193; Van Eed. 64; Pierre 
358 ; Bargagli-Petrucci 37. 
Xylocarpus granatum Koen. ( Carapa moluccensis Lam.) Plate XXV, fig. 
43. Piagao (Phil.); niri (M.). 
Same distribution as the preceding. 
Wood darker than that of X. obovatus. Used for piling, furniture, 
sandals, etc. 
Gamb. 153; Watt Diet. 2:142; Van Eed. 63; K. & V. 3:193-196; Pierre 359. 
A third species, X. bomeensis (Becc.), is found in Borneo and the Philippines. 
It is very much like X. granatum and is used for the same purposes. 
Becc. 574; Bargagli-Petrucci 38. 
POLYGALAOE2E. 
Xantliophyllum. White or yellow, moderately hard and moderately 
heavy, fine-grained woods. 
Xanthophyllum vitellinum Nees. Kitelor. 
Java. 
Very durable wood. 
K. & V. 5:294-298; Janssonius 1 :238. 
EUPHORBIACE2E. 
The wood of the trees of this order has no very marked general 
distinguishing characteristic; but still it may be said that it is noticeable 
for the pores being usually more scanty than in many other orders. In 
some genera they are characteristically arranged in short radial lines. 
In almost all genera the pitli-rays are fine, close and uniform; in some 
they are very indistinct. In other genera transverse ladder-like bars 
are conspicuous. In respect to color, there are three classes, the white 
or gray, the red, and the brown or grayish-brown. In respect to weight, 
some are very light, most moderately so, few or none very heavy. Among 
white-wooded genera the most noticeable are : 
(1) Soft woods: Euphorbia, Jatroplia, Givotia, Ostodes, Trewia, Sa- 
pium, Excoecaria. Of these Givotia and Trewia show transverse bars; 
