19, 1 
Wells: Tikitiki Extract for Beriberi 
73 
Also, in the evaporation of extracts made from inferior grades 
of polishings, foaming takes place with consequent loss of time 
and yield. 
There are two grades of tikitiki; that from the light-colored 
or white rice, and that from the dark or red rice. Exper- 
imentation with the tikitiki from the red rice did not give 
satisfactory results; the inactive substances were not easily 
precipitated nor wholly separable by centrifuge, and the 
extract obtained was of a very dark color and harsh in flavor. 
Further experiments will be made with the red polishings, and 
favorable results are expected. 
The process of the manufacture of tikitiki extract at the 
Bureau of Science has been well established. This extract is 
demonstrating by its therapeutic action that it possesses a high 
percentage of neuritis-preventing substances and that it is a 
cure for infantile beriberi. 
The Public Welfare Board at present (March, 1921) requires 
10,000 bottles of this extract monthly. The Philippine Health 
Service and other organizations are purchasing tikitiki extracts 
made by local druggists in order to fill their requirements. Such 
extracts are often made without the use of vacuum, and analysis 
by the Bureau of Science has shown that they contain glycerine, 
sugars, inactive substances, and in many cases high percentages 
of alcohol. Many of them give very little or no precipitate 
with phosphotungstic acid. The great number of these prep- 
arations made and disposed of on the local market may be 
taken as an indication of the prevalence of the disease. 
A plant with a capacity for the production of 15,000 bottles 
per month would permit the carrying out of a campaign for 
the treatment of beriberi throughout the Philippine Islands, 
and within one year from the time of installation of such a plant 
statistics on infant mortality would show a decided decrease. 
Tikitiki extract manufactured by the Bureau of Science from May 20, 191 J, 
to December 31, 1920. 
50 cc. 
bottles. 
May 20 to December 31, 1914 
1,161 
January 1 to December 31, 1915 
3,997 
January 1 to December 31, 1916 
6,687 
January 1 t)o December 31, 1917 
8,034 
January 1 to December 31, 1918 
8,188 
January 1 to December 31, 1919 
8,593 
January 1 to December 31, 1920 
10,870 
Total 
47,530 
