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Wileman: Japanese Lepidoptera, VI 
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each segment from 2 to 12; two, spined, blue tubercles on the 
anal segment 13, above the subspiracular series; one spined, 
blue tubercle above each thoracic leg, below the subspiracular 
series; all the spined tubercles of segment 2, those of the anus, 
those of the subspiracular series, and those above the thoracic 
legs are blue; all the rest are green. 
After fifth molt. — Plate 1, fig. 7, figured, June 13. Length, 
64 millimeters. Segment 2 edged with yellow; body and head 
lighter in color, inclining to greenish yellow ; ventrum as before ; 
subspiracular line not so prominent; all the spined tubercles 
have disappeared with the following exceptions: There still 
remain long, spineless, paired tubercles on segment 4 and a 
single, shorter, spineless tubercle on segment 12; also the sub- 
spiracular series is represented by a spineless blue wart on each 
segment from 2 to 12 and by similar spineless, blue warts above 
each of the three thoracic legs. The dorsal and anal series of 
spined tubercles, which have disappeared, are represented by 
small yellow warts. My original figure of the larva agrees with 
those given by Nawa and Sasaki. 
Cocoon. — The large, thick-ribbed, yellowish green cocoon, 
shaped, as Staudinger observes, something like a pitcher, is sus- 
pended from the twig of a tree by a stout silken thread, which 
Staudinger says measures from 10 to 30 millimeters in length. 
There is a hole at the bottom of the cocoon ; and the top, which 
is slit longitudinally, opens to pressure. It mimics a pendant 
leaf, and when the leaves have fallen from the trees in winter 
it is quite a conspicuous object, easily perceived by any person 
walking through the woods. The larva and the pupa, as also 
stated by Jordan and Nawa, make a chirping noise, which some- 
what resembles the creaking of a bough; and the sound made 
by the pupa, so I am informed, can be distinctly heard at some 
little distance even in the woods. It makes this sound on being 
touched, but it also appears to make it of its own accord, when 
suspended by its cocoon in the woods. 
The Japanese names given to this moth are based upon the 
shape of the cocoon: Yama-bishaku, or mountain ladle; yama- 
kamasu, or mountain straw bag ; yama-biku, or mountain basket. 
Local distribution. — Honshu, Musashi Province, Yokohama, 
November and December ( Pryer ) : Musashi Province, Tokyo, 
taken and bred in October and November ( Wileman ) : Settsu 
Province, Kobe, bred in October (Wileman). Matsumura re- 
cords the species from Hokkaido and Honshu. 
