XIV, 1 Lantin: Treatment of Typhoid Fever 47 
Rumpf (43) observed very early the nonspecificity of the treat- 
ment. By injecting Bacillus pyocyaneus in typhoid he could 
procure results quite as favorable as those secured by Fraenkel 
after the injection of typhoid bacilli. Kraus(2l) used colon 
vaccine intravenously in similar cases, and gained equally good 
results. On the other hand, Kraus (21) used typhoid vaccine in 
cases of puerperal infections Avith similarly beneficial results. 
Even Ichikawa (15) found that his paratyphoid patients were 
benefited by the injection of typhoid vaccine. Furthermore, I 
have observed that the use of intravenous injections of plain 
killed typhoid vaccine in any form of arthritis produced remark- 
able results in the majority of cases. This is in agreement with 
the observations of Miller (28) and Thomas. (47) 
Ludke,(26) in accordance with his view that bacteria consti- 
tute nothing more than a foreign protein in the animal economy 
of the host, employed another kind of protein of nonbacterial 
origin. He used deutero-albumose in typhoid, also with good 
results. Miller and Lusk (29) used 1 to 2 cubic centimeters of a 
4 per cent solution of proteose intravenously in typhoid and ob- 
served similarly good results; 20 per cent of their cases so in- 
jected recovered by crisis after a single injection. Nolf(36) 
noted beneficial results in the use of peptone solution, injected 
either intravenously or intramuscularly. Saxl(44) successfully 
treated typhoid patients by intramuscular injection of sterile 
milk. In this study both peptone solution and sterile milk have 
been used by me with success. 
There is evidence, however, that foreign protein is not the 
only substance used successfully in combating the disease. Thus 
Letulle and Mage, (25) Gay, (lO) and Labbe(23) employed col- 
loidal-gold preparations with good results. In this investigation 
colloidal gold was also used, and satisfactory results were ob- 
served; as may be seen, 20 per cent of the cases in my series 
aborted. Mitlander(30) used salt solution intravenously in 
three hundred cases of typhoid fever, preceded intravenously by 
1 cubic centimeter of 20 per cent caffein and 10 per cent camphor, 
and marked improvement followed. 
Mechanism of cure . — Investigators in other fields have ques- 
tioned the specificity of vaccine therapy, a claim which they 
declare to be without foundation. To attack a disease with its 
own weapon, so to speak, seems rather paradoxical. For, then, 
this question has been asked — and it still remains without a satis- 
factory answer : Are we justified, in acute infectious disease, in 
introducing in any manner into a host more of the same toxin 
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