276 Philippine Journal of Science 1919 
The supply of banucalag nuts is irregular and until a definite 
supply can be depended upon, the extraction of oil from these 
nuts would hardly be profitable as a separate industry; but 
no doubt it could be carried on profitably in connection with the 
extraction of lumbang bato oil. The close similarity ^ between 
lumbang banucalag oil and Chinese wood oil, and the fact that 
the latter is so highly appreciated ® by United States paint 
manufacturers, constitute inducements for the production of 
banucalag oil. 
Both varieties of lumbang fruits mature and drop from the 
trees in June and July, and the best time for gathering them 
is during July and August. Information obtained from local 
Chinese merchants indicates that the gathering of lumbang nuts 
could be much extended in Mindanao, more especially in the 
Davao Gulf district, where the nuts are known by the name 
“biao,” and where now large quantities go uncollected. 
Heretofore, merchants have hesitated to invest capital in the 
lumbang-oil industry for they believed insufficient nuts could 
be obtained to warrant the establishment of a factory. On the 
other hand a Manila firm in September, 1910, wrote with regard 
to this oil: 
With proper attention the Philippines would be in a position to export 
the oil profitably. Proper machinery installed near San Pablo, Laguna, 
would make profitable a large export business, for there seem to be sufficient 
lumbang seeds that could be secured from Laguna, Tayabas and Batangas 
*provinces. 
An estimate of the yearly Philippine crop of lumbang nuts 
is very difficult to make. It would not be legitimate to base 
such on the annual production of lumbang oil, because the por- 
tion of the crop now used for oil manufacture is very small. 
In 1911 one manufacturer claimed that there was a sufficient 
available supply with proper machinery to produce 5,000 kilo- 
grams of oil per day; this amount would represent about 9,000 
kilograms of kernels or about 26,000 kilograms of dry unshelled 
nuts. On this basis the available nuts would supply a modern oil 
factory with a monthly capacity of 234 metric tons of nut kernels. 
The Bureau of Forestry is encouraging the planting of lum- 
bang trees throughout the Archipelago, and it is estimated that 
approximately a half million trees are being planted annually. 
Therefore, an increasing supply of raw material for the man- 
’ Richmond, G. F., and Rosario, M. V., Philip. Journ. Sci. § A 2 (1907) 
443. 
‘Drugs, Oils, and Paints 30 (1914) 207. 
