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the stamens; anthers very obtuse. Sepals of the female flower 
considerably smaller than the petals. Fruit large, ovoid, about 
6 cm long, 3.5 cm broad, the pericarp fibrous in its outer half, 
woody in the inner half. Seed broadly ovoidi, its vascular 
bundles very numerous, parallel and almost undivided, ascending 
from the raphal side 4. A. -parens. 
Spadices simply branched. Female flowers clustered around the main 
axis, solitary, sessile or nearly so, at the base of the branchlets; 
the latter slender and bearing alternately distichous male flowers. 
(§ Balano carpus.) (Of A. camarinensis the detached fruits only 
are known, and it is doubtfully placed here.) 
c*. A palm with the habit of Areca Catechu but smaller (stem about 
4 m high, 7 to 12 cm in diameter) ; fruiting spadix dense, 
cylindraceous-oblong, about 14 cm long, 6 to 7 cm thick. Fruit 
ovoid, very similar to that of A. Catechu, 5 cm long, 3 cm broad. 
Seed globose with rounded (not flat) base and with the vascular 
bundles of the integument very close together, much anastomosing 
and forming very narrow loopholes all around the seed. 
5. A. Ipot. 
cP. A smaller plant, the stem 5 cm in diameter, the spadix smaller, 
with fewer female flowers, and forming a shorter mass. 
A. Ipot var. polillensis. 
c‘. Fruit ovoid, 4 to 5 cm long, 3 cm broad. Seed conical-ovoid; the 
vascular bundles of the integument forming a uniform network 
all around the seed with lozenge-shaped loopholes. Otherwise 
the fruit is similar to that of A. Catechu 6. A. camarinensis. 
o*. Floriferous branches bearing several female flowers on their basal parts, 
gradually narrowing above and bearing male flowers only in pairs 
on alternating notches. Low palms Vv^ith relatively small or medium- 
sized fruits. (§ Arecella.) 
6'. Spadix simply branched, with thickish floriferous branches appressed 
to the main axis, and bearing in their basal part numerous, 
approximate, alternate, female flowers. Male flowers hexandrous, 
the calyx with three small, distinct sepals; anthers acute. Fruiting 
perianth cupular,' truncate, the petals exactly equaling the sepals. 
Fruit ellipsoid, 3 to 3.5 cm long, 20 to 22 mm thick, the pericarp 
entirely dissolving into very fine, soft fibers 7. A. Caliso. 
b‘. Spadix twice loosely branched; floriferous branches slender, bearing 
in their basal part three or four alternate, rather distant, female 
flowers, and in the upper and slenderer part alternate male flowers. 
Calyx of the male flowers subpedicelliform, shortly 3-dentate with 
a solid base; anthers bifid at the apex. Fruit small, pluricostulate, 
ellipsoid, the pericarp formed by only two layers of rigid com- 
planate fibers 8. A. costulata. 
a*. Spadix diffusely, two or three times branched, the floriferous branches 
bearing one or more female flowers in their lower part, and above 
male flowers in pairs in unilateral notches. Low slender palms having 
very small male flowers, with the caljrx completely divided into three 
sepals. Fruit small. (§ Arecopsis.) 
b’. Male flowers 2.5 to 3 mm long; stamens 6; rudimentary ovary as 
long as the stamens, divided into three points. Female flowers 
ovate, obtuse, 8 mm long, 4.5 to 5 mm broad. Fruit small, oblong- 
