XIV, 5 Padua: Cystolithiasis tvith Dietetic Deficiency 
is also to be noted that in the first four decades, and even among 
the undetermined cases, except one who is more than 50 years 
of age, the phosphatic calculi take the lead, while in the fifth 
and sixth decades of life, the urates predominate. This finding 
is contrary to that of Cabot who states that uric acid and cal- 
cium oxalate are often found in the urine of poorly nourished 
children due to imperfect oxidation of the tissues, and of old 
individuals who take food beyond their power of assimilation. 
Also Ellinger(lO) considers stone in children to be almost always 
uratic in composition. 
Table IV . — Age incidence with reference to the composition of the nuclei. 
Chief constituents. 
Age in years. 
1 to 14. 
14 to 20. 
21 to 30. 
31 to 40. 
41 to 50. 
51 to 60. 
61 to 70. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
52.9 
100 
35.3 
50 
66.7 
20 
29.4 
23.5 
16.7 
16.7 
80 
100 
35.3 
16.7 
16.6 
17.7 
5.9 
16.6 
Total (cases) 
lY 
1 
17 
6 
6 
5 
2 
Phosphates 
Urates 
Oxalates 
Carbonates 
Total (cases) . 
Chief constituents. 
Unde- 
termined 
Per cent. 
76 
25 
Total. 
Per cent. 
46.6 
31.0 
13.8 
8.6 
58 
The occupation of the patient at the time when the stone was 
removed may have a bearing on the composition of the latest 
stone formation, which is the cortical layer. Table V gives an 
idea of the chief constituents of cortex with reference to the 
latest occupation of the patient. 
It is noticed that stone formation is of more frequent occur- 
rence among ordinary laborers and farmers ; and in all branches 
of occupation the phosphatic calculi are most frequent in inci- 
dence. Concepcion has pointed out the insufficiency of the earn- 
ings of the average unskilled laborer for the proper maintenance 
of a family under sanitary conditions. The general poverty of 
the laboring class naturally predisposes them to nutritional dis- 
orders. As a rule farmers are vegetarians, and their circum- 
stances of living are such that they consume very little or no 
