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BIRDS OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
district only as a spring- and fall mig-rant ; Dr. Van Fleet lias noted it in 
Clinton, Clearfield and Northumberland counties, likewise Prof. A. 
Kock in Lycoming- county, only as a bird of passage in the spring and 
fall. Although occurring during migrations generally throughout the 
commonwealth, the present species is, according to my observation, 
oftener met with in the pine and hemlock woods than elsewhere. Like 
the Ped-poll Warbler {D. ^almarum, or its near relative liypochrysea) 
the Pine Warbler is frequently seen on the ground. Feeds, like other 
of its kindred, on divers kinds of insect life, and occasionally this diet 
is varied by a few small berries and seeds. 
Dendroica palmarum (Gmel.). 
Palm Warbler. 
Description. 
Length about 5| ; extent about 8 ; above brownish-olive ; back narrowly streaked 
with dusky ; rump and upper tail-coverts yellowish-olive ; top of head chestnut ; 
tips of middle and greater wing-coverts paler than surrounding parts, but not form- 
ing distinct bars ; inner webs of two outer pairs of tail feathers white to ends ; su- 
perciliary stripe dull whitish or. yellowish ; lower eyelids whitish ; under parts dull 
whitish and yellowish, the latter most conspicuous on throat, forebreast and under 
tail-coverts ; breast and sides streaked with grayish-brown or pale reddish-brown ; 
wings and tail-feathers dusky brown. 
Habitat . — Northern interior to the Great Slave Lake ; in winter and in migra- 
tions, Mississippi valley and Gulf States ; including western and southern Florida 
and the West Indies. Casual in the Atlantic states. 
D. pahnarum hypochrysea, Ridgw. (Yellow Palm Warbler), is a little larger than 
true palmarum, from which it differs also in having under parts much brighter and 
almost continuous yellow ; and the bright reddish-chestnut streaks in spring adults 
are almost wholly confined to the sides of breast and lower part of neck (sides) ; bill 
blackish base of lower mandible paler ; legs brownish ; soles of feet yellow. 
Habitat. — Atlantic states, north to Hudson’s Bay. Breeds from New Brunswick 
and Nova Scotia northward ; winters in the south Atlantic and Gulf States. 
The Yellow Palm Warbler is the common form which I have found in 
Pennsylvania east of the Allegheny mountains. It also occurs west of 
the Alleghanies, where the Palm Warbler {D. palmarum) is reported as 
a regular spring and fall migrant. I have taken one or two birds in the 
autumn, in southeastern Pennsylvania, which appear to be good exam- 
ples of Dendroica palmarum, but from a large series of skins before 
me I am thoroughly convinced that Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea 
is the common bird in eastern and central Pennsylvania and that Den- 
droica palmarum occurs in the eastern two-thirds of the state, and 
doubtless throughout the entire state chiefly as a rare visitor during 
migrations. These warblers arrive here usually about the 20th of April 
(some seasons individuals are seen as early as the first week in April in 
the southern parts of Chester, Delaware and Lancaster counties) and 
are commonly observed for about a week or ten days. Found generally 
on the ground, in fields, along fences and by the roadsides. In the au- 
tumn they return late in September, and frequent the same situations 
