APPENDIX. 
417 
I. 
Identifica'tion. — The determination of the species to which a given specimen 
belongs. 
Im'bricated. — Fixed shingle-wise with over-lapping edge or end. 
Immac' ulate. — U nspotted. 
Immature'. — Not adult. 
Incised'. — Cut out ; cut away. 
Incuba'tion. — The act of sitting on eggs to hatch them. 
Indie enous. — Native of a countrv. 
I n sectiv' orous. — I n sect - eati ng. 
Interorb'ital. — Between the eye-sockets, 
interscap'ular. — Between the shoulders. 
Interscap'ulars. — Feathers of the back. 
Irides'cent. — Glittering with many colors, which change in different lights. 
I'ris. — Colored circle of the eye around the “ dark spot” or pupil. 
. 1 . 
Jug' ular.— Pertaining to the jugulum. 
Jug'ulum. — Lower throat ; lower foreneck. 
L. 
La'bel. — Card, ticket or similar slip of paper, parchment, etc., affixed to an object 
giving written information respecting it. 
Lake Red. — A purplish red color, not so intense as crimson. 
Lam ina. — A. thin plate or scale. 
Lan ceolate. — Lance-shaped ; tapering narrowly at one end, less so at the other. 
Lav'ender. — A very pale purplish color, paler and more delicate that lilac. 
Lead-col'or. — Plum beous. 
Leg. — As generally used, synonymous with tarsus; as “legs and feet” =tarsi and 
toes. 
Les'ser Wing-cov'erts. — The smaller wing-coverts, forming a more or less well de- 
fined tract immediately anterior to the middle coverts, and thence to the an- 
terior border of the inner-wing. 
Li' lac. — A light purple color, like the fiowers of the lilac. 
Limico'lse. — A group of shore-waders, as plover, snipe, etc. 
Lin'ear. — Narrow, with straight parallel edges ; line-like. 
Li'ning of the Wing. — The under wdng-coverts, especially the lesser and middle. 
Lo bate. > Furnished with membraneous fiaps (said chiefly of toes). 
Lobed. ) 
Lobe — Membraneous flap. 
Longipen'nes. — A group of long-winged swimming birds, formally embracing the 
gulls and their allies, and the Procellariidm petrels, albatrosses, and fulmars), 
but properly restricted to the Laridce, Rhynckopidcje and Stercorariidce. 
Longitud inal. — Running lengthwise, or in the direction of the antero-posterior 
axis of the body. 
Lo'ral. — Pertaining to the lores. 
Lore. — Space between eye and bill. 
Low'er Parts. — The entire under surface, from chin to the crissum, inclusive. 
Low'er Tail-cov'erts.— Feathers immediately under the tail. 
M. 
Mac'ulate. — Spotted. 
Mad'der Brown. — A very rich reddish-brown color, more purplish than burnt 
sienna. 
Ma la. — Basal portion of outside of lower jaw, usually feathered. 
Ma'lar. — Pertaining to the mala. 
27 Birds. 
