APPENDIX. 
421 
Q. 
Quad' rate. — Square. 
Quar'ry. — Prey of raptorial birds. 
Quill. — As generally used, one of the primary remiges ; and perhaps best so re- 
stricted. 
R. 
Race. — A nascent species or a “form,” which on account of the existence of inter- 
mediate specimens cannot be considered a species, no matter how great a de- 
gree of differentiation may have been reached. Races are distinguished as 
“ Geographical ” and “ Local ” according as to whether they occupy extensive 
or limited areas of country. Geographical races are usually correlative with 
definite geographical areas, being, in fact, the expression of geographical varia- 
tion . — (Ridgway.) 
Ra'mus. — Branch or fork, as the ramus of the lower mandible 
Rapto'res. — An artificial group of birds, including the so-called birds of prey. 
Rapto'rial. — Pertaining to the birds of prey. 
Rec'trix. — Any one of the tail-feathers. The plural, rectrices., is chiefly used. 
Recur'ved.— Curved upward. 
Reflec'tioii. — Change of color with different inclination to the light. 
Re'giou. — Any portion of the body localized, as the anal region., dorsal region, etc* 
Re'mex. — Quill of the wing. The plural remiges is generally employed. 
Retic'ulate. 
Retic'ulated. 
Ric'tal. — Pertaining to the rictus. 
Rictus. — The gape ; sometimes restricted to the corner of the mouth. 
Rosa'ceous. 
Rose Pink. 
Rose Red. — The purest possible purplish red color. 
Ros'trum. — The beak ; bill. 
Round ed. — A rounded tail has the central pair of feathers longest, the remainder 
successively a little shorter. A rounded wing is one in which the first pri- 
mary is short, the longest quill being the third, fourth or fifth, or one nearly 
midway between the first and last. 
Rudinient/ary. —Undeveloped ; existing only in its beginning. 
Ruff. — Set of lengihed or otherwise modified or peculiarly colored feathers around 
the throat or whole neck. 
Ru ga. — A ridge or wrinkle. 
Ru'gose. — Wrinkled. 
Rus set. — A bright tawny-brown color, with a tinge of rusty. 
Marked with a network of lines. 
I A very pure purplish-pink, like some varieties of roses. 
S. 
Sali'va. — Spittle ; the secretion of the salivary glands. 
Scaiiso'rial, — Capable of climbing as a woodpecker. 
Scap'ular. — Pertaining to the shoulder blade, or Scapula 
Scap ulais. ^ Feathers of the scapular region. 
Scap'ularies. ) 
Scarlet. — The purest possible red color, lighter and less rosy than carmine, ricner 
and purer than vermilion. 
Scolo'pacine. — Snipe-like. 
Scu'tellate — Provided with scutella, or transverse scales. 
Sec'ondary Oov'erts. — Properly, the posterior row of wing-coverts, which overlie 
the basal portion of the secondaries. The greater wing-coverts. 
Sec ondarie^ ^ ^ long feathers of the forearm, which in the spread wing 
Sec oiidary Quills. > appear in a continuous row with the primaries. 
Sec Olid ary Rem iges. ’ 
