430 The Philippine Journal of Science 1914 
Luff a cylindrica Roem. 6822. Vine in thickets, Mount Binintiang Malaki. 
Momordica charantia L. 6754. Vine; local in the parang. 
Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng. 6878, 6886. Common vine 
in both grass and parang. 
Momordica ovata Cogn. 6865, 6906, 7354, 7421. With the preceding and 
doubtfully distinct from it. 
COMPOSITAE 
Ageratum conyzoides L. 6766, 6791, 7365. Weed, not uncommon. 
Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. Two seedlings and one small shrub on the 
northeast cape in April, 1914. 
Blumea sp. 7433. Weed, on crest of a ridge. 
Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. 6715, 6900. Locally abundant on strand. 
Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. 7326. Weed, present in one locality. 
Erigeron linifolius Willd. 6756, 7394. Weed, now present under trees. 
Pterocaulon cylindrostachyum C. B. Clarke 7396. Weed, five plants on 
crest of Mount Balantoc. 
Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. Weed in parang; not common. 
Vemonia cinerea (L.) Less. 7364. Weed, on the strand and adjacent 
grassland. 
Wedelia biflora (L.) DC. 6778, 6897, 7414. Common on the open strand 
and in all the associations living on the strand. 
CONCLUSIONS 
1. The last eruption of Taal Volcano culminated January 30, 
1911, resulting in the devastation of the island by a rain of hot, 
acid, mud and ash. Before revegetation could take place, the 
excess of acid had to be leached out of the soil and reseeding take 
place. This occupied a little more than a year. With the com- 
mencement of the second rainy season revegetation began to take 
place rapidly. By the end of the third rainy season, virtually 
all of the northern third of the island was vegetated, the densest 
vegetation being in the northeastern and northwestern corners. 
With the exception of Mount Binintiang Munti in the extreme 
southern corner and a very few places near the shore on the 
east and the west coast, the rest of the island was bare. 
2. While in a few protected situations revegetation consisted 
of the sprouting of buried stumps, more than 99 per cent of the 
vegetation is the result of seeding. 
3. Invasion took place first along the shore by plants with 
water-dispersed disseminuls. Soon after, the wind-distributed 
seeds of cogon grasses developed, forming grassland, which was 
barely established before birds brought in seeds of vines, shrubs, 
and small trees, which invaded the grass. 
4. With so much available ground, given areas have been in- 
vaded by representatives of more than one association. Com- 
petition among individuals has led to the localization of succession 
