502 
WONDERS OF ART, 
established by Augustus Cesar, after the battle of 
Among its splendid monuments of antiquity, the 
theatre, being infinitely better preserved than those of f 
and Verona, is the finest monuiDent of the kind now 
It was built in the reign of Antoninus Pius, who contr* 
a large sum of money towards its erection. It is of to 
figure, 1080 feet in circumference, sufficiently capa^'^jjO^ 
contain twenty thousand spectators. The architectof®^p^i 
the Tuscan order, sixty feet high, composed of two 
galleries, built one over another, consisting each ot 
arcades. The entrance into the arena was by foor 
gates, with porticoes; and the seats, of w'hich tbefO.,.ol 
thirty, rising one above another, consisted of great 
stone, many of which still remain. Over the north 
appear two bulls, in alto relievo, extremely well 
emblems which, according to the usage of the 
signified that the amphitheatre was erected at tlie 
of the people. In other parts are beads, busts, anr 
sculptures in bas-relief. 
This magnificent structure stands in the lower part 
city, and strikes the spectator with awe and 
vene<,. 
bolo^J ^ 
It was fortified as a citadel by the Visigoths, in lire boS nh' 
.... J a ’ _ lie, , i 
The external arcliirecture is almost entire in its whol®^.’ 
of the sixtli century; they raised within it a oa®/^^.jil'‘ 
towers of which are still extant ; and surrounded j’ 
broad and deep moat, which was filled up in the tn 
century. In all the subsequent wars to which the j tr 
Nisnies w'as e.xposed, it served as the last 
citizens, and sustained a great number of successive 
so that its fine preservation is almost miraculous. 
Trajan’s pillar. 
This hi.sloi'ical column was erected at Rome by 
Trajan to cmnmcmonite his victories over the 
is coasidered its the master-piece of the splendid .y„, 
of art elevated by that Emperor in the Roman 
celebrity Ls chiefly owing to tlie beautifully-w{®^.iiicl' 
reliefs, containing about two thousand figures, win 
is ornamented. It stands in the middle of a '*jii 
which a hill, one hundred and forty feet in 
died; and was intended, as appears by the 
base, both as a tomb for the Emperor, :md to 
theEfJ' 
paciao'foi’ 
I )'-■ 
