PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF ATHYRIUM. 
297 
I first mistook this for an Asplenium and the bundles of the stipe did not clear 
its affinity; bnt the pale®, though pale, are of Athyrium type. Its generic 
position is finally established by its quite evident affinity to A. Bolsteri and A. 
Williamsi, and not to any species of Asplenium. 
33. Athyrium Williamsi Copel. comb. nova. Dip laziurn Williamsi Copel. in 
Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 150. 
Mindanao, San Ramon, Copeland 161/8. Boyce 13, from Tarlac province, Luzon, 
seems safely referable here. 
There are also two species found about Mount Banajao, which are near A. 
Williamsi, but have the stipes clothed, densely near the base, with crinite, dark 
brown pale®. The smaller of these was collected by Steere and determined by 
Harrington as A. japonicum, var. coreanwn. It is included in Cuming 56, and 
is possibly Asplenium brachypodum Baker; but this is more probably a synonym 
of Ath. grammitoides. This fern is simply pinnate with lanceolate fronds, and 
auricled, serrate pinnae, the lowest remote, reduced and deflexed. Examples are 
Elmer 7961/. and 7965. 
The other of these Banajao ferns I have also from Mount Canlaon. It varies 
from barely bipinnate to deeply tripinnatifid. 
GROUP OF A. ITNjSTATUM. 
34. Athyrium pinnatum (Blanco) Copel. Allantodia pinnata Blanco FI. Filip, 
ed. 2 (1845) 571. Callipteris silvatica Bory, 1804; Diplasium, Swtz., 1806; 
Athyrium, Milde, 1870, non Milde, 1866, q. v. supra. Diplasium petiolare Presl 
Epim. (1849) 86. Athyrium, Milde, 1870. Diplasium bulbiferum Brack., 1854. 
Asplenium Brackenridgei Baker, 1867. For other synonyms of D. silvatica Swtz. 
see Christensen, who also lists D. tenerum Presl as a synonym of D. bulbiferum. 
Luzon, Mount Mariveles, Williams 83, 205, Copeland 238, 1383, Whitford 234, 
Topping 531, Leiberg, For. Bur. 1328, Borden: Mindoro, For. Bur. 9937 Merritt: 
Samar, Cuming 333 in part: Bohol, Cuming 31/9 in part: Mindanao, Lanao, 
Clemens 16 7, 252 ; Mount Malindang, For. Bur. 1/735 M earns <6 Hutchinson; San 
Ramon, Copeland 1678; Davao, Copeland 672. 
India to Polynesia. 
Although various authors and illustrious pteridologists have found it necessary 
to describe this common Philippine fern as a species distinct from D. silvaticum 
Swtz., the differences have never been clear to me, and do not tend to become 
more so with the accumulation of material. The pinnae are sometimes rather 
deeply lobed, but usually not more so than is regarded as characteristic of 
D. silvaticum,. Both Baker (Syn. Fil. 234) and Christ (Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 
(1907) Bot. 162) try to distinguish the Philippine plant by the stalked pinnae; 
but we have specimens from China and Java believed to be representative D. 
silvaticum with the pinnae fully as long-stalked, and the Javan plant is proliferous 
in the same manner as is D. bulbiferum. 
As to the name to be given this fern, I have not used silvaticum because one 
fern is already well known by that binomial and was the first to receive it. 
Blanco’s description fits this fern in almost every respect. Mandaloyan, where 
Blanco states that this species is common, is a suburb of Manila, and I doubt if 
the fern survives there now. But it almost certainly grew there once, as it does 
now in similar places farther from the city; and it is the only similar fern which 
does grow in just such a habitat. Therefore, if Blanco had any Athyrium or 
any fern nearly fitting his diagnosis, which was once common in Mandaloyan, 
it must have been this one. 
