PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 
191 
Leptochilus, Gymnopteris , Polybotrya, Fgenolfia, Stenosemia , and Cae- 
nopteris with Aspidium , in a broad sense, appears to me to acquire a new 
support; and what is more, although perhaps in the cases where it has 
not yet been possible to find the aspidioid type of all acrostichoid plants, 
it is probable that the aspidioid type has not been preserved or that it 
has been so modified as to be unrecognizable. Be that as it may, 
for Stenosemia one must admit the immediate descent of Pleocnemia 
membranifolia ( Dictyopteris Chattagr arnica Clarke) as Beddome has 
asserted. 3 Likewise I now connect my Gymnopteris Bonii 4 from Tonkin, 
directly with Aspidium repandum Willd. The contention that “Acros- 
tiehum” is only “Aspidium” with reduced fertile pinnse, appears to me 
to be better established than ever. Is this a step in advance in the 
development or a degeneration? The example of Dryopteris canescens, 
where the incontestable deformation of the pinnse both fertile and 
sterile, is accompanied by -the acrostichoid formation as to the soriferous 
parts, appears to me to point strongly to the latter; that is to say, 
an aberration and weakening of the type, which one can scarcely call 
only teratological, because the influences that have caused the changes 
are unknown. . 
OBSERVATIONS. 
1. In my Filices Insularum Philippinarum 5 I have noted Aspidium 
Fauriei var. elatius Christ and A: grammitoides. Both belong in Athy- 
rium, with aspidioid sori, as is the case with Athyrium oxyphyllum which 
is found in the Philippines with absolutely aspidioid sori. 
2. In his Polypodiacese of the Philippine Islands, 0 Copeland includes 
N ephrodium asperulum (J. Sm.) Copel. The species was based on No. 
63 Cuming, Polypodium asperulum J. Sm., and the specimen in the 
Herbarium • of the Bureau of Science is to me Microlepia speluncae 
(Linn.) Moore, with submarginal sori. 
3. Copeland 7 admits Nephrodium rugulosum (Labill.) Copel., but to 
me the plant indicated is Ilypolepis. Species of Hypolepis with the sori 
more or less intramarginal give rise to some doubt as to their proper 
disposition. There is a form in the Philippines which has a rhizome 
often, if not always, creeping, which is generally a good character of true 
Hypolepis and which indicates the relationship of that genus with 
Pteridium. This form was considered by me at first as Dryopteris 
setigera (Blume) 0. Ktz., and later as Aspidium vile Kunze, of Java, 
with which it has a great resemblance. It has been collected on Mount. 
Apo, Mindanao, by Copeland (No. 1462) October, 1904, and on Mount 
3 Suppl. Ferns Brit. Ind. 48, 40. 
4 Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 4: 610. 
5 Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 193. 
0 Govt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905) 25. 
7 L. c. 26. 
