THE MALAYSIAN UNGULATES. 
il 
long before the British occupation of Perak (1874) and con- 
tinued so twenty-five years later. The natives credited it with 
supernatural powers and believed it to be protected by a 
guardian spirit. It was particularly savage and had killed 
three men at different times, while the most determined at- 
tacks on it failed ignominionsly. Once a party of five 
picked .Malays met the rhinoceros and fired fifty shots 
at it Maxwell devotes a chapter to an account of this beast, 
and his eventual triumph over it, in his interesting book “ In 
Malay Forests,‘ > 
Measured between two upright posts at the shoulder and 
fore feet its height was 5 ft. 5| in., but Maxwell thinks it 
was actually little short of 6 ft. when alive, as it had fallen 
in a cramped position and could not he stretched out. The 
horn he states was disappointingly small. ** a short shapeless 
lump only some seven or eight inches high," although probably 
longer once as the tip had been broken off and the base was 
much worn and splintered. 
4. THE SUMATRAN RHINOCEROS . [Plate IV j 
Rh inoce ros su m a t ren sis. 
Malay: Badak or badak kerhau. 
As already remarked this is the smallest of the Asiatic 
rhinoceroses, in fact of ail living rhinoceroses. Besides the 
additional horn, it is further characterized by the comparative 
hairiness of the skin. It stand* about 4 It. in height at the 
shoulder, with a length from the tip of the nose to the root of 
the tail, of about 8 ft. 
Howland Ward gives the following measurements for three 
unloealized horns in the British Museum length 324, 
2! l f and Of inches and circumference at base 17'}, 17 J and 14} 
inches. Bartlett records a Bornean horn 1ft inches long and 
16 inches in circumference. 
This species ranges from Burma and Siam through the 
Malay Peninsula to Sumatra and Borneo. It does not, how- 
ever, occur in Java. The island form is regarded as subspeci- 
ficallv distinct from the continental form. 
In the Malay Peninsula it is comparatively common, and 
at one time the natives in the Bindings made a profitable trade 
out of the capture and export of living rhinoceroses. Last 
year (1021 ) two were sent to Singapore for shipment. One 
was reported to have been sold for $4,000 and sent to Japan. 
Apart from its value for Zoological Gardens, the rhino- 
ceros is persecuted on account of the horn, hide and other 
portions of its .anatomy, which are valued highly by Chinese 
for medicinal purposes. 
4 
