THE MALAYSIAN UNGULATES, 
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This is for one sick of the mouth only anti should thus be 
doubled to give a total of -14 teeth altogether. As might be 
expected, mammalian teeth have become modified to meet dif- 
ferent requirements ; thus an insect-eating animal has develop- 
ed different teeth from those of a cud -chewing animal. On this 
plan five groups of mammals may be separated: herbivorous, 
omnivorous, insectivorous, piscivorous and carnivorous. A 
description of the teeth of each type is unnecessary here, but, 
in passing, we may notice the carnivorous type, sharp, tearing 
teeth with very strong canines, required to seize and kill a 
struggling prey : the insectivorous type with long pointed cen- 
tral incisors formed to seize small active prey ; the herbivorous 
type with incisors well developed for cutting off herbage, and 
large molars well adapted for grinding. 
In the Ungulates there are two well-marked types of 
molars, one in which the surface bears tid>e roles, called the 
butwdont type, and the other hearing crescent-shaped ridges, 
known as the a elenodonl type. 
Apart from the development of teeth for feeding purposes 
there is also in many species a special development for other 
purposes, e.g,, lighting. Very remarkable forms of teeth of 
this nature are found among t}iu Ungulates, as for instance 
the enormous incisors, commonly known as tusks, of the ele- 
phant, and the wild hoar’s tusks, which however are canines 
not incisors. 
Horns. 
Horns present another interesting feature in the Un- 
gulates. There are three types exemplified by Malaysian 
mammals 
(i) The homy-fibrous growth from the skins of the 
rhinoceros, 
(ii) The solid bony antlers of the deer, 
(HI) The hollow horns of the oxen and goat. 
The rhinoceros horn has no connection with the bones of 
the skull, although there is a bony protuberance under the 
horn itself. The horn is not shed; it grows throughout the 
life of the rhinoceros. 
* The upper figures indicate the number of teeth on one side of the 
upper jaw, the lower figures those on one side of the lower jaw, commencing 
from the front with 3 incisor*, followed by one canine, 4 pre-motor!* and 
3 motors. 
The total number of teeth on one side of the upper jaw is therefore 
11, or 22 for the whole of the tipper jnw. or 44 for both jaws. 
