LAND TORTOISE FROM AFRICA. 
163 
trils large and wide apart ; the eyes are of moderate 
size, somewhat projecting, and have a mild expres- 
sion. The neck is of moderate length, and presents 
a minutely granulated surface. 
The anterior extremities are large and compress- 
ed, covered with scales and large trihsedral tubercles 
anteriorly, and with scales and granulations posteri- 
orly ; the tubercles, which are nine or ten in num- 
ber, are arranged in longitudinal and somewhat 
irregular rows ; four or five are placed along the 
superior and anterior margin of each extremity ; 
one of them is much larger than the rest, and ter- 
minates in a sharp point ; the intermediate 1 ow 
consists of two, sometimes three tubercles, the most 
inferior of which is the largest ; of those situated 
along the inferior margin, two are remarkably 
large, corresponding nearly in size with the most 
inferior of the middle row ; besides these, there is a 
smaller tubercle placed at the internal angle of each 
elbow. The posterior extremities are of moderate 
size, slightly compressed, sub-clavate, terminating 
in four toes, each furnished with a strong, and 
slightly incurvated nail, the two middle the longest; 
they are covered with numerous polygonal scales, 
of nearly equal size anteriorly, larger upon the soles 
of the feet, upon the posterior surface of the leg, 
and along the posterior margin of the carpus, where 
they assume the form of tubercles. Tail rather long 
and compressed, broad and thick at base, pointed at 
tip, covered with small scales. 
The shell is oblong-ovate, somewhat depressed, 
broader and gibbous posteriorly ; elongated and tecti- 
