2 ° a The Illustrated Book op Poultry. 
of the tissues, which is in many cases a very important point in determining the natuie of 
the disease. 
The illustration on the last page (Fig. 57) has heen copied, by tlie kind permission of 
1 lofessor Owen, from a plate in his “Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Physiological 
Series in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons,” and accurately represents the relative 
position of the principal viscera in a young cock. We give it as affording useful assistance 
in dissection to amateurs. The proper references to the various organs are subjoined. 
We may remark, in conclusion, that the following will be a useful list of remedies to be kept 
on hand, and will furnish a tolerably complete MEDICINE CHEST, capable of treating most of the 
acute complaints usually met with : — Calomel, in one and two-grain pills ; opium, in half-grain and 
grain pills; the chalk and rhubarb pills as given at page 191, for diarrhoea; a small supply of 
cayenne pepper ; the same of Epsom salts and jalap ; and a bottle each of camphorated spirit, 
M'Dougall’s Fluid Carbolate, chlorinated soda (Labarraque’s formula), and Fleming’s tincture of 
aconite (for colds) ; a small phial of laudanum should also be added. The other remedies named in 
this chapter are chiefly needed for more chronic complaints, the nature of which gives ample time 
to procure them as required ; but the foregoing list may occasionally save precious time in treating 
cases which depend almost entirely on promptness in dealing with the first marked symptoms of the 
attack. 
Castor-oil we reserve for a special paragraph, to say that it ought to be banished from the 
list. In former editions we have prescribed it, according to universal custom, where purgatives 
were required ; but practical experience has gradually convinced us that it does not suit fowls, and 
that more have been killed by it than by any other medicine. They almost always appear sick and 
wretched long after it, losing all appetite; whereas after salts or jalap, which answer the same pur- 
pose, the appetite seems to improve, provided there is nothing serious the matter, and the birds 
recover without that general shock to the whole system which seems too often caused by the oil. 
Sick fowls should always be secluded, unless in very trifling ailments. By so doing, not only 
is danger of contagion avoided, but the birds have a much better chance of recovery, as if at large 
they are generally bullied by their companions ; moreover, special treatment cannot be adopted 
while birds are left in the run. Some persons use poultry-baskets as hospitals, and they will do, if 
rigidly confined to such purposes, but must never afterwards be used to transmit healthy fowls. 
At best they are too dark and confined, and a few pens about three feet square are much preferable 
in every way. They can also be readily disinfected after use, and thus be employed, when not 
wanted for hospital use, in preparing fowls for exhibition. The pens we have already advised foi 
the latter object, with this precaution, may thus be made available for both purposes. 
