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“ Here, being at the principal camping ground of the Rupsliu tribe, I arranged for my 
further journey and started on the 5th July for Puga,* and from here towards the Thsof- 
Kar and the foot of the Taglang pass, the second camping ground of the Rupshu tribe. 
After again one day’s interruption of my journey, rendered necessary by making further 
arrangements, I crossed the Taglang pass and reached Leh on the 16th July. This place I 
left on the 21st J uly, proceeding towards the village Rumbag, and then in crossing a few 
minor passes to Trantse-Sumdo, the summer camping ground of the Karnag tribe ; crossed 
the Shapodog and Saiji La and reached Padam on the 6th of August after a horrible ex- 
perience of hill travelling. I may remark here that it is not the had road nor the high 
passes which make travelling in these wild countries difficult at this time ; in this case it 
" as chiefly due to the large quantity of glacier water, which had swollen every stream to a 
depth of 3 or 4 feet ; and to cross these torrents, often 20 times, rvhile on a day’s march, is 
rum to those who cannot enjoy every comfort during and after the day’s work. Having 
seen the necessity of parting here with the remainder of my men from Kulu, who had 
offered me their services for the whole trip, on my arrival in Simla on the 10th of May, a 
few days elapsed before other arrangements for the journey were settled. On 10th of 
August I was able to start, and proceeded from here to Suroo and then to Kargil, from 
which a separate trip towards the Indus in a north-eastern direction (across the Hambuting 
pass) was thought necessary. I again left Kargil on the 1st of September, visited Dras, 
and reached Srinagar on the 10th September, there I had to overcome some of the 
difficulties of the season and of certain restrictive orders as to travelling in Kashmir ; but I 
at last managed to start, on the 26th of September, on my route through Islamabad, 
Kishtwar, Eudrawar, Chambi, and Kangra, and reached Simla again on the 31st October 
1865, thus terminating my trip for this season.” 
A very interesting sketch of the characteristics of the fauna and flora of Chini formed 
le sul) ject of a communication to the Zoological and Botanical Society of Vienna in 1866 
(19). I’he successive portions of this paper deal with — I, Valley of the Sutlej river; 
’ Geographical position of Chini; III, Climatic conditions; IV, Soil; V, Plora ; 
5 1 auna, to which are added some remarks on the inhabitants. While it may be said that 
01 thoroughness, accuracy, and withal readable and attractive style, it is a pattern of 
W a *' su °h a description of a district should be, it must be added that comparatively few men 
are competent to write such accounts, owing to the diversity of acquirements, coupled with 
P 0 ^ ers of observation, which are required for the purpose. 
Space does not admit of more than a quotation from the concluding remarks in this 
paper. 
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Ibis is the condition of a small luxuriant tract in the valley of the historically renowned 
Sutlej. My intention was, as I stated above, to direct the attention of readers to the 
vegetation and fauna of a tract which serves as an equivalent to our middle temperate 
zone. The observer of nature alone feels tbe truth of the long stated proposition that 
S1 milar climatic conditions produce and cause to live and flourish similar (I will not say 
fhe same) plants and animals. I have been led to this picture by the wonderful 
contrast produced by the sharp boundary of these snow peaks. On that side the moist, 
° Y 9787. 
* Puga signifies a hole, referring here to the sulphur mines, 
f Thso means a lake ; Chu a river, or, in general, water. 
B 
