GEOLOGY. 
45 
among 
the dark 
ere mnst he greenstones somewhere in this southern direction 
crumbling rock. 
light-coloured bedded limestone strikes over to Karatagh lake, and the hills to the 
tlieir 6aSt ’ an< ^ sout h-east appear to consist of it. I noticed, when I marched last year, that 
eolou r StG ° 1)neSS * nc ^ cates ‘ n part limestone cliffs, and some of them at least were of a light 
jVI ‘ / ^ a ^ S0 ^e P a l e limestone seen north of our camp, some miles north of Khush 
this an< ^ 110 c l° u ht these limestones extend to the south of Aktash. [That is to say, that 
hi r h^ a ° ^' rnes i one ’ which is probably of carboniferous age, appears to stretch across from the 
a ground between the Mastagh and Kuenluen ranges to the eastern edge of the Pamir.] 
14th, Woahjilga , 12 miles. — The hills all covered with detritus. 
^ . httlc way south of Aktagh the grey limestones, which appear to be carboniferous, are 
]ri aia hy dark crumbling dolomitic limestone and sub-metamorphic shales, in several places 
arul° ntaCt g reen stone, which is again either typical, hke that near Aktdsh, or it is dark, 
gre VGr y homogeneous in texture, and at first strikingly resembles basalt. Eurther on, the 
oa/ a ° lortlitic limestones again crop out from under the detritus of the valley ; and near the 
whi 4 tl - lG su h-metamorphic schists are overlain by more compact grey dolomitic limestone, 
sto Ch nscs high upon a hill a little south by east of our camp. These grey dolomitic lime- 
HuiT. ? egularl y hend over at the top, and* in the centre are exposed what may be called 
oust mdt ° r St ‘ Cassian beds— a red, somewhat earthy, marble, with Arcestes ? johwmis 
a „ Ammonites batteni, Aulacoceras , and Crinoids. I shall speak of this red marble 
38 tl * 4. batteni bed. 
atl( j . 0 batteni bed is seen exposed far towards the west, overlain by the grey limestone, 
Seri ^ m ° stl y highly .inc lin ed towards the north. I must see more of the whole triassic 
es to -morrow. 
ston JUne 15th > Karakoram-brdngsa, 14 miles.— Starting from Woahjilga, the grey triassic lime- 
Cam S Were met with, afterwards the red limestones succeeded them, and continued to 
nort]*' ^Im’rupted by patches of greenstone, which is greatly developed at the camp 
of the pass. 
Ca ^ t!iie 16th, Daulatbeg TJldi (crossing the Karakoram pass), about 22 miles. Leaving 
l ike P ^ the ^ gmenstones are underlain by black crumbling shale, in mineralogical character 
Spiti 
like that near Aktash. Then follows an 
a hem f 1 snaies, but very likely triassic, uue uwi neai iuvwau. 
c )ri a on of grey or whitish limestones and shales and the triassic red limestone; and 
of ^ lest blackish and grey marly shales, wliich are overlain by almost horizontal strata 
of £ < ^ yn Jimestone, very muchlike the lower Taglang limestone, and which contains fragments 
^ { \ eninites ' These 'lianie rocks form the Karakoram range proper, and extend far east- 
Lhe hills to the west are much higher, and do not allow a distant view, 
tion • Gr crossin g the pass, the road skirts the base of the centre ridge in a south-east direc- 
pas s ; ^ here tlie liassic limestones come down several times, and about four miles from the 
botl Sley marl y sllale > OT almost marly limestone, crops out from under the brown limestone : 
dij) *■ ^ cvidentl y liassic. On the right bank of the stream more massive limestones occur, 
^ Pping to north-east, but very indistinctly. I should think that these are triassic limestones. 
| y very readily crumble to pieces, being highly dolomitic; and these often contain reddish 
as mterstratified. 
Prol 'n”* Burisi, 24 miles . — Eirst we crossed the Lipsang plain, with solitary low lulls, 
a ) } still belonging to the Taglang series. Then we ascended towards the watershed. 
