SCIENTIFIC RESULTS 
OP 
THE SECOND YARKAND MISSION. 
MOLLTJSCA. 
By GEOFFREY NEVILL, C.M.Z.S. 
I.— MOLLUSCA FROM EASTERN TURKESTAN AND LADA'K. 
T HE following is a list of the moUusca obtained by the late Dr. StoHczka in Central Asia and 
Ladak, while attached as naturalist to the second embassy to Yarkand ; Dr. Stoliczka 
also coHected a considerable number of sheUs in Kashmir and its neighbourhood ; as, however, 
nearly, if not aU, the land moUusca from those parts belong to our Indian fauna proper, 
I have thought it best to give a separate list of them. As was to be expected, the mollus- 
cous fauna of Yarkand proves to be exceedingly poor and entirely European in its affinities ; 
the freshwater sheHs, indeed, are either identical with, or most closely allied to, well-known 
European forms ; very nearly aU the species are recorded from Turkestan in the account of the 
MoUusca of Fedschenko’s ‘ Reise. 5 I take this opportunity of acknowledging the great obliga- 
tion I am under to Dr. E. von Martens, not only for a copy of the above work, of which he is 
the author, but also for a critical opinion on the species here recorded, of which I have availed 
myself in several instances. The only striking novelty is the new Succinea martensiana : its 
thickness and opaqueness of texture and its vivid orange-coloured aperture make it one of the 
most interesting and peculiar forms of the genus. It is interesting to find such characteristic 
sheUs as Helix pliceozona and H. plectotropis extending southwards from Kokand and the 
Tian Shan Range as far as Sasak Taka ; even more remarkable arc the new localities for Pupa 
cristata, originally found in the Sarafshan VaUey ; the absence of the genus Hydrobia from 
Dr. Stoliczka’s coUection strikes me as noteworthy, especiaUy as no species of Valvata, on the 
other hand, is recorded by von Martens from Turkestan. The most interesting fact, however, 
seems to me to be the entire disappearance, on leaving Sonamarg on the confines of Kashmir, 
of the characteristic Indo-Malayan genus Nomina, which re-appears again (with two species of 
the sub-genus Macrochlamys) in the Sarafshan V alley ; the same is also the case with species 
of Buliminus (Nap ams), Parmctcella, and Limax (?) ; the two last, however, belong to the 
European fauna and species of them are mere stragglers on the extreme north-west confines 
of India. Stoliczka remarks that the sheUs recorded as found in the Pankong Lake were 
taken from a “ stratified shaly and sandy deposit on the west side of the Pankong plain, about 
50 feet above the level of the present edge of the water and about two miles distant from it 
