496 
Philippine Journal of Science 
1919 
and about 5 p in diameter. They lack protoplasmic connections 
with their neighbors. They number about 2,830. The distance 
between neighboring protoplasts is about equal to the diameters 
of the protoplasts. In surface view a rather thick middle 
lamella, more deeply stained with Bismarck brown, is visible. 
In profile view the walls of all the somatic cells are seen to be 
rounded on the outer side, making the surface of the coenobium 
uneven. The inner membranes do not show plainly. 
The specimen contains three gonidia, and four embryos which 
were formed from gonidia. Two embryos in the posterior part 
of the coenobium are in the same stage of development, and two 
embryos about in the equatorial plane are nearly in the same 
less-advanced stage of development. The three gonidia lie just 
in advance of the equatorial plane and are all mature and nearly 
ready for segmentation. They measure in the photograph 47 
and 52 p wide and are slightly flattened. Measurement of the 
same gonidia in the preparation on June 9, 1919, gave the same 
figures. Thus the gonidia show practically no shrinkage in 
three years while the membranes shrank from 11 to 18 per cent 
in dimensions during that time. The slight flatness of the 
gonidia is taken to be the first indication of approaching seg- 
mentation. The gonidia are highly vacuolate, with a centrally 
suspended nucleus containing a well-marked nucleolus. The 
membranes about each gonidium and about each embryo fit 
rather closely. The equatorial embryos have reached the bowl 
stage. Each bears eight gonidia on the edge of the bowl. The 
size of these gonidia indicates that they were differentiated and 
ceased to divide at about the 64-celled stage of the embryo. The 
bowl has a somewhat dentate edge with the gonidia in the 
points of the teeth. The somatic cells are very small, about 
1 or 2 p thick and 4 p long, and are numerous, about equal in 
number to the somatic cells of the parent coenobium in the em- 
bryo next to the single gonidium, somewhat larger and about 
half as numerous in the embryo adjoining the pair of gonidia. 
This appears to indicate that this embryo is at a stage just 
preceding the last division of the somatic cells. Some marginal 
cells of the bowl, between the daughter gonidia, seem to be about 
twice as thick as the other somatogenic cells. This is sug- 
gestive of marginal growth of the bowl. The posterior embryos 
have reached the bullet stage. Their gonidia have entered by 
the phialopore and the latter has closed. The gonidia are 
packed too closely in the posterior part of the embryo to be 
counted. 
