PHILIPPINE HATS. 
105 
which makes more hats than any other town in the Philippines. Another 
bamboo, bocaue, of which the identification is uncertain, is rarely used 
for hats, but it is considered to be inferior to the other; it is probable 
that other species are used for salacots. 
Apluda m utica Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) 82. 
Occasionally used for hats in Samar, and in Bohol, where it is called 
magcauyan. 
Andropogon zizanioides (Linn.) Urban Symb. Antill. 4 (1903) 79. 
Andropogon muricatus Retz. Obs. 3 (1783) 43. 
A material, properly called Tientsin, is imported here from China, and 
used as wicks in native lamps under the name timsim or timsin. Some 
years ago, a very similar, but not identical material, was imported for 
hat making, and these hats sold as timsin. They have the appearance of 
those known to be made from Andropogon zizanioides or its varieties. 
The production of hats from the latter material is in part a promising 
departure in school work, but in Panay it is of some commercial im- 
portance. The local name for the species is Spanish, moras , but this also 
has been corrupted, usually to mura. In Pampanga, it is called anids. 
Oryza sativa Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) 333. 
It has several times been asserted that native-grown rice straw is used 
for hat making in the Philippines. Over the greater part of the area 
it is certain that this is not true, but imported straw of this and other 
cereals is used in Manila . 27 
Saccharum spontaneum subsp. indicum Hack, in DC. Monogr. Phan. 6 
(1889) 113. 
Used in Bohol under the name bugang, also to some extent in school 
work. 
CYPERACEiE. 
Cyperus malaccensis Lam. Encycl. Tabl. 1 (1791) 146. 
To this species, as a plant, more than to any other, the name balangot 
belongs, and information seems sufficiently authentic that its dried 
stems were formerly woven into hats and mats. They are still used as 
string, and within a few years have replaced imported materials for the 
woven upper parts of the native slippers called chinelas. The only other 
use known to me is as a woven protection for bottles. . It is frequently 
asserted that it still persists as a material for hats and mats. I can only 
report that I have visited every town of which any such statement has 
been made to me, and these were in six provinces, and have failed to 
find hat or mat or any local information regarding the use of C. malac- 
27 Mr. Miller records braided rice straw from Iloeos and other provinces to 
which Uocanos have migrated. 
