PHILIPPINE DIPTEROCARPACEAE. 
259 
3. HO PEA Roxb. 
Stipules minute or small, early deciduous. Flowers almost always in 
unilateral spikes or racemes, these generally in racemose, rarely compound 
panicles. Calyx often glabrous, but petals always hairy outside. Calyx- 
segments imbricate, the two outer ones in the flower generally much 
larger than the others; growing into thin membranaceous wings, as the 
fruit ripens. Stamens 15, 10 in a few species (FT. plagata is said to have 
more than 30 stamens) ; anther-cells equal; connective prolonged into 
a long awn. Stylopodium in most species large, in some wanting, but 
generally indicated by a ring of hairs. 
In most cases the cotyledons are thick-fleshy, the outer rounded surface 
longitudinally channelled; both bifid to the point of attachment of the 
hypocotyl. The outer or radicular cotyledon generally more or less 
concave, embracing the inner or placentar cotyledon. Hypocotyl and 
petioles of cotyledon half as long or as long as the seed, generally hairy, 
except the glabrous shining tip, imbedded on the outside of the embryo 
in a groove between the lobes of the outer cptyledon, while the lignified 
placenta with the remains of the dissepiments intrudes between the lobes 
of the inner. There are variations from this type in a number of species, 
but I have not had an opportunity to see them. 
There is said to be a great deal of variation in anatomical structure 
in the genus, but the difficulties in getting sufficient material of most 
of the species have been such that I have been unable to carry out any 
complete comparative study for the genus. 
The bark is usually fissured and dark-brown or black. Where the 
color is brown, the bark is usually thin, where it is black, there is thick 
bark. The inner, layers of the bark are usually yellow with a brownish 
tinge. 
The wood is pale-yellow or straw-color in the sap and the heart has 
a brownish color. This seems to be true of our species so far as known. 
The wood structure is difficult to distinguish from that of Vatica or of 
some species of Sliorea. 
The genus has about fifty species, 11 species being found in the Phil- 
ippines. 
The resin of some species is used. It is a fair grade of gum dammar 
and is collected from H. plagata. It occurs similarly in H. pierrei, 
H. acuminata , and possibly other species. 
The flowering and fruiting time of the different species is but little 
understood. It seems to be believed that H. plagata does not fruit every 
year, but the infrequent collections and the small size of the fruit might 
make it possible for such a belief to be common, even if the species were 
fruiting regularly every year. The fruits are small and rather fragile 
and, presumably, do not retain their vitality very long after falling from 
the tree. 
