4 Arachn. 
ARACHNIDA. 
are quoted from the late It. von Willemoes-Suhm in support of the Crus- 
tacean origin of Limulus. H. N. Moseley, Nature, xxv. p. 582, states that 
the latter had totally, and on good evidence, altered his views before his 
death. 
Simon, Eugenic. Viaggio ad Assab nel mar Rosso dei Signori G. Doria 
ed 0. Beccari con il R. Avviso ‘ Esploratore,’ dal 10 Novembre 1879, 
al 26 Febbraio 1880. ii. Etude sur les Arachnides de 1’ Yemen meri- 
dional. Ann. Mus. Genov, xviii. pp. 207-260, pi. viii. 
Records and describes Solpugidea ( Soli/ugce ), 4 spp. (3 new), Pseudo- 
scorpiones ( Chernetes ) 1 sp. n., Araneidea ( Aranece ) 43 spp. (22 new), 
Scorpiones 7 spp. (6 new). 
. Aracnidi raccolti daG. Cavanna al Vulture, al Pollino, ed in altri 
luoghi doll’ Italia moridionalo ocontralo, nel mesi diLugliood Agosto 
1880. Bull. Ent. Ital. xiv. pp. 31-48. 
Records 73 spp. of Araneidea , 2 ( Attus and Gnaphosa ) new, 16 spp. of 
Phalangiidea ( Opiliones ), 4 new, Scorpionidea ( Scorpiones ) 2. 
. Aracnidi raccolti a Lavaiano (Provincia di Pisa) da G. Cavanna. 
L. c. pp. 356-366. 
Contains a list, with notes, of 78 species of Araneidea of various fami- 
lies, 1 species of Chernetidce ( Pseudoscorpiones ), 1 of Scorpiones, and 5 of 
Opiliones ( Phalangiidea ), all known species. 
Angus, J., in Am. Nat. xvi. p. 1010, states that if he puts a white variety 
of the “ little flower Spider ” on a sunflower, it will become quite 
yellow in from two to three days. The normal varieties are white 
and yellow. 
ARANEIDEA. 
Anthony, J. On the Threads of Spiders’ Webs. J. R. Micr. Soc. (2) 
ii. pp. 170-172 [included in error in preceding Zool. Rec.]. 
The author details experiments on Epeira diadema , which was made to 
spin its thread in such a way that the whole, or a greater part, of the 
component strands remained separate, instead of coalescing. The num- 
ber of filaments was always below 200, and as the spinnerets probably 
exceed 1000 in number, it is concluded that all of them are not used at 
the samo time, or that some of them havo different functions. For dis- 
cussion, see l. c p. 142. 
Beneden, E. van. Note sur un Ctenide origiuaire du Bresil trouve a 
Liege. Bull. Ac. Belg. (2) xlix. [1880], pp. 655-659. 
The Spider described is a species of Isoctenus , probably imported with 
Brazilian plants. 
Bertkau, Philip. Ueber das Cribellum und Calamistrum. Ein Bei- 
trag zur Histologie, Biologie, und Systematik der Spinnen. Arch. f. 
Nat. xlviii. pp. 316-362, pi. xviii. figs. 1-22. 
Describes the structure of the cribellum, or supernumerary mammillary 
organ of Amaurobius ferox , C. Koch, and the calamistra of that and 
