PLATYHELMINTHES. 
Verm. 3 
A. Lang, J. R. Micr. Soc. 2, ii. p. 340, describes the mode of copu- 
lation in marine Turbellarians ; there are from nine to fifteen penes, 
and they appear to thrust themselves indiscriminately into the body of 
the female ; the female organ only serves as an efferent ovi ducal 
passage. 
Chun (Biol. Centralbl. ii. pp. 5-16), noticing the work of Lang (Zool. 
Rec. xviii. Verm. p. 3), points out the differences in the mode of develop- 
ment of the Ctenophora and the marine Planaria , and doubts whether 
tho existing resemblances are really signs of gonctic affinity. 
Kennel (8) does not agree with Schultze in thinking that Prorhyn- 
chus is a Nemertine, and gives his reasons for regarding it as one of the 
rhabdocoele Turbellaria, detailing the several parts of its organization. 
Korschelt (10) thinks that his new species, Dinophilus apatris, must 
be regarded as the type of a new family ; though Turbellarian in its 
general relations, it is distinguished by the indications of segmentation, 
the arrangement of the cilia, the proctuchous enteron, the position of the 
proboscis, and the structure of the generative organs. The male is less 
highly organized and of shorter life than the female. 
On the excretory apparatus of Planarians ; Vejdovsky, SB. bohm. Ges. 
1882, pp. 273-280, 1 pi. 
The Recorder has not seen Mace ‘ Des Trematodes parasites des Gre- 
nouilles (see Zool. Anz. v. p. 592); nor Wilson on a new form of Pilidium 
( l . c. p. 593). 
Sabatier (20) describes the spermatogenesis of Nemertines, and points 
out the exact and complete parallelism which obtains between them and 
Annelids, aud concludes with some general observations on tho signifi- 
cance of the nucleus. 
The marine Cercaria observed by Fewkes, Am. J. Sci. (3) xxiii. 
pp. 134 & 135, has a tail which is regarded as being Annelid in character, 
owing apparently to the presence of bundles of setae arranged at inter- 
vals along its length. 
Ercolani (2) disputes the doctrine that each species of mollusk has a 
single species of cercaria, and instances Bythinia tentaculatci as having as 
many as twelve ; he finds that while some larvae have the egg ciliated, 
and require water, others found in terrestrial mollusks are n on-ciliated. 
Villot’s (25) studies have led him to doubt the presence in Trematodes 
of a coelom, or of true segmental organs. The vascular apparatus is 
described as consisting of a single system of continuous vessels. 
The important researches of Leuckart (12, 13) and of Thomas (22) 
have led to the belief that the history of the Liver-Fluke is now, in its 
broad outlines, satisfactorily known. There is a considerable body of 
evidence to support the view that Limnaws truncatulus plays an impor- 
tant part as an intermediate host. For a short account of the history of 
the matter, and of the results attained to, see A. P. Thomas, Nature, 
xxvi. pp. G0G-G08. 
The result of Braun’s long-continued investigations (1) is that tho 
Pike and Lota vulgaris are the intermediate hosts of Bothriocephalus 
latus. 
Roboz (18) has discovered in the water- vascular system of Solenophorus 
