HYDROZOA AND CTENOPHORA. 
Gael. 3 
The species was not determined ; numerous Siphonophora , including a 
new Physophore, Haliphota , g. n., and three new Hydroids : — Calycopsis , 
Chromatonemo , and Halier eas, gg. nu. 
13. Guppy, H. B. Habits of Scyphomeduscc. Nature, xxvii. p. 31. 
14. Hasckel, Ernst. Report on the Deep-sea Medusae, dredged by 
H.M.S. ‘ Challenger,’ during the years 1873-76. Part xii. Zoology, 
Yol. iv. of Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. 
‘ Challenger,’ &c., prepared under the superintendence of the late 
Sir C. Wyville Thomson, and now of John Murray. London, Edin- 
burgh, and Dublin : 1882, 4to, pp. cv. & 154, pis. i.-xxxii., and 
woodcuts. [See Zool. Rec. xviii. for German edition.] 
15. . Directe und indirecte Entwickeluug von Aurelia aurita. Jen. 
Z. Nat. xv. SB. pp. 14 & 15. [Cf. Zool. Rec. xviii. Coal. p. 3.] 
Aurelia normally undergoes an indirect development passing through 
Strobila and Scyphistoma stages ; it is, however, here shown that it may 
have a “ shortened direct development,” such as is normal in Pelagia. 
On tho other hand, it is kuowu that Chrymora , the nearest ally of Pelagia , 
undergoes the same indirect development, or metagenesis, which is normal 
in Aurelia. 
16. Hamann, O. Zur Entstehung und Entwickelung der griinen Zellen 
bei Hydra. Z. wiss. Zool. xxxvii. pp. 457-464. 
17. . Der Organismus der Hydroidpolypen. Jen. Z. Nat. xv. 
pp. 473-544. 
The author enters at some length into the minute histology of the 
polyp-body. He describes toeniolae, which had been observed by G. v. 
Koch in Tubularia , as occurring in several other genera, and uses this 
fact in his classification, distinguishing Tceniolatoe from Intceniolatce. He 
also describes muscles in the endoderm confined in the Intceniolatce to the 
hypostome, but occurring in the stomach also in the Tceniolatce ; and 
denies the existence of any true sensory ectodermal cells, or nerves, such 
as have been more recently described by Jickeli. Certain yellow cells 
similar to those found in Radiolarians and some Anthozoa , are to be found 
in the entoderm in a species of Aglaophenia, and are regarded by the 
author as parasitic Algae. Gland-cells are found in the ectoderm. As a 
result of this study of the embryology of certain forms, the author has 
come to the conclusion that theplanulais always formed by delamination. 
The author considers the Hydroid-polyps to be related to the Siphono- 
phora and the Anthozoa , thus : — 
Siphonophora 
Koralla-i | ^ phistoma 
I i -Spongicolidxe 
Tcciiiolatt„ 
Intceniolatce Ilydrocorallinece 
