SP0NGI1DA. 
12 Spong , 
Esperia cupressiformis , var.* bihamatifera, Carter, (17) p. 47, pi. iii. 
figs. 105-112, Barents Sea; referred by Vosmaer to Gladorrhiza, as C. 
bihamatifera. 
Rhaphidotheca , Kent : the species discussed by Carter, (2) p. 299. 
Desmacidon titubans , Schmidt ; Carter, (2) p. 298, pi. xii. tig. 24. 
Desmacidon constrictus , Bowerbank, (17) p 45, pis. iii. figs. 99-104, iv. 
fig. 153, Barents Sea ; referred by Vosmaer to Esperia. 
Desmacidon constrictus , pannosus , Bowerbank, recharacterized by 
Bowerbank, (1) pp. 176 & 177. 
Ilymedesmia johnstoni, Bowerbank, (2) p. 297, pi. xi. fig. 20. Its biha- 
mate and that of the following species are really homologous with the 
anchorate of Desmacidon titubans. Desmacidon [evidently intended for 
Desmacella ] johnstoniy Schmidt, is distinguished by Carter, l. c. p. 297, 
from Bowerbank’s Ilymedesmia johnstoniy under the name II. schmidti. 
Halichondria forcipis, var. bulbosa, Carter, is perhaps a distinct species, 
approaching Desmacidon anceps ; Norman, (1) p. 106. 
Halichondria palmata, Johnston, referred to Chalina by Carter, (4) 
p. 109, who describes its anchorate spicule at length. 
Spongia compressa , Esper. Specimens referred to this species by 
Carter, (4) p. 112, and assigned to the genus Chalina. 
Renicra fibidata, Schmidt, recorded from Acapulco, (2) p. 284 ; R. 
digitata , 1. c. pi. xi. fig. 3, from Antigua. 
Phlceodictyina. New group defined by Carter, (4) p. 117. Based on 
Oceanapia , Norman, Rhizochalina, Schmidt, a new genus called Phlceo- 
dictyon, & c. The species enumerated and briefly described. 
Oceanapia , Norman. The distinctness of this genus from Desmacidon 
vindicated by Norman, (1) p. 171. 
Oceanapia jeffreysi, Bowerbank ; synonymy, characters, and systematic 
position discussed by Carter, (4) p. 117. 
Desmacidon fistulosa, Bowerbank. A new var. described by Carter, 
(4) p. 121, from S. W. Australia. 
• Echinonemata. 
Micro dona prolifer a found in stomach of fish ; J. A. Ryder, Bull. 
U..S. Fish Comm. i. p. 246. 
Ectyon sparsus , Gray, (2) p. 281. 
Tricentrium Iceve, Carter, redescribed by that author, (4) p. 1 14. 
SUBERITIDiG. 
Carter, (2) pp. 347-354, discusses the spiculation and texture of 
these Sponges, and gives a classified list of the chief species of Suberites 
and its allies. 
Suberites montiniger, Carter, (17) p. 31, pis. i. fig. 26, iv. figs. 137-139. 
Suberites sp. resembling S. montiniger ; Carter, (17) p. 32, pis. i. figs. 22 & 
23, iv. figs. 140-144. 
PapAllina. A small species briefly mentioned by Graeffe (7), from 
Triest, as distinct from P. suberea. 
Cliona celatay Grant. From study of the living Sponge in oyster 
shells, Hyatt (8) is convinced that the Sponge is the agent which has 
produced the cavities in which it is enclosed, from the completeness with 
