^rHEdR? OR EVOLUTION. 
Gen. Sub. 13 
hution of food, &c. ; (2) disuse of certain organs ; (3) adaptation of 
more plastic forms ; (4) isolation preventing crossing with out-of-door 
forms ; (5) heredity ; and argues on behalf of “ neo-Lamarkism.” 
Perrier, E. Le Transformisme. Paris : 16mo, 320 pp., 100 figs. 
Powell, J. W. The Three Methods of Evolution. Smiths. Misc. 
Coll. ; Bull. Phil. Soc. Wash. vol. xxxiii, pp. xxxvii-lii. 
Physical evolution — the result of direct adaptation to environment, 
under the law that motion is in the direction of least resistance. Biotic 
evolution— the result of indirect adaptation to the environment by the 
survival of the fittest in the struggle for existence. Anthropic evolution 
— by endeavour. 
QuatreeagEs, A. de. Le transformisme, la philosophic et le dogme. 
Rev. Sci. xli, pp. 609-616. 
°Renooj5, C. LVvolution de Thommo ot des animaux. Histoire positive 
du dcveloppemont primitif d<$montree par le developpement em- 
bryonnaire. Fasc. i. Paris : 8vo, 68 pp., 1 pi., figs. 
Riley, C. V. On the Causes of Variation in Organic Forms. Abstr. 
of an Address at Am. Ass. for Adv. of Sc. 1888. Science, xii, 293, 
pp. 123-125. 
A. statement of the case. 
Romanes, G. J. Recent Critics of Darwinism. Contemp. Rev. liii, 
pp. 836-854. 
. Definition of the Theory oE Natural Selection. Letter to Nature, 
xxxviii, 991, pp. 616-618. 
— — . Mr. Dyer on Physiological Selection. Letter to Nature, xxxix, 
9E6, pp. 103&1C4. 
. Natural Selection and the Origin of Species. Letter to Nature, 
xxxix, 999, pp. 178-175. 
Spencer, II. A Counter Criticism. Nineteenth Cent, xxiii, pp. 
207-215. [Cf. Argyll.] 
Stahl, E. Fflanzen und Schnecken. Eine biologische Studie uber die 
Schutzmittel der Pflanzen gegen Schneckenfrass. Jen. Z. Nat. xxii, 
pp. 557-681. 
Interesting as a detailed application of the Darwinian principle. 
Thomson, J. A. [See Environment.] 
Environmental variation in its relation to function and organism. 
Todd, J. E. Directive Coloration in Animals. Am. Nat. xxii, 
pp. 201-207. 
Virchow, R. Ueber den Transformismus. Arch. f. Authrop. xviii, 
pp. 1-15. 
Wallace, A. R. Mr. Gulick on Divergent Evolution. Letter to 
Nature, xxxviii, 986, pp. 490-491. 
