8 Mamm. 
MAMMALIA. 
and malleus fuse sometimes with each other, and lean on to the 
parotic region. The masticating region is doubly concavo convex. — 
Monotremata” “ The quadrate is converted into the principal part of the 
tympanic frame, viz., annulus tympanicus. The mandible has lost its con- 
nection with the quadrate, and the masticatory joint is a single concavo- 
convex one, the convexity belonging to the mandible. — Monodelphia .” 
Gaudry, A. [See Ungulata and Rhinocerotidce .] 
Gaup, E. Anatomische Untersuchungen uber den Nervenversorgung 
der Mund- und Nasenhohlendriisen der Wirbelthiere. Morph. JB. 
xiv, pp. 437-489, pi. xix. 
Pp. 481-485 are devoted to the consideration of these organs in 
Mammals ; and the memoir concludes with a long summary of the results 
of the author's observations. 
Gegenbaur, 0. Ueber Polydactylie. T. c. pp. 394-406. 
Concludes that polydactylism is merely a malformation, and not an 
atavistic feature. 
Giglioli, E. H. Note iutorno agli Animali Yertebrati raccolti dal 
Conte Boutourline e dal Dr. Leopoldo Traversi ad Assab e nello 
Scioa negli anni 1884-1887. Ann. Mus. Genov. (2) vi, pp. 5-73. 
These collections were obtained from N E. Africa. The Mammals 
comprise 5 Anthropoid Primates , 8 Carnivores, 5 Bovidai } 1 Phacochcerus , 
2 Hyrax, 6 Rodents, and 1 Bat. 
Guida del R. Istituto Geologico di Bologna. Bologna : 1888, 12mo, 
74 pp., woodcuts. 
Brief mention is made of the more important fossil Mammalian remains 
preserved in the Museum at Bologna, with figures of the skeleton of 
iScelidotherium and other specimens. 
Haacke, W. Ueber die Enstehung des Saugetiers. Biol. Centralbl. 
viii, pp. 8-16, 2 woodcuts. 
Discusses the bearing of the oviparous production of the Monotremata 
on the origin of the Mammals. Figures are given of the mammary 
organs in Echidna. 
Hartmann, K. Die Saugethiere. In G. Neumayer’s Anleitung zu 
Wissenschaftlichen Beobachtungen auf Reisen in Einzel-Abhand- 
luugen. 2 vols., 8vo. Berlin : ii, pp. 328-362. 
Chiefly devoted to directions for collecting and preserving Mammals. 
Heape, W. [See Talpidce .] 
Heilprin, A. The Geological Evidences of Evolution. Philadelphia : 
1888, 8vo, 99 pp., illustrated. 
A considerable portion of this work is devoted to the progressive 
evolution of the Mammalia from the Eocene to the present day. 
Reviewed by T. G. Bonney, in Nature, 1888, pp. 50 & 51. 
Hertwig, 0. Lehrbuch der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen und 
der Wirbelthiere. Jena : 8vo, 507 pp., woodcuts. 
A general text-book of Vertebrate embryology. 
