28 Mamm. 
MAMMALIA. 
Filhol’s Cynoclictia. Flesiogale, which is referred to the Mustelidce, differs 
from all others in having three lower molars. [See Ganulce , Ursiclce , 
Mustelidce']. Reviewed by E. D. Cope, Am. Nat. xxii, pp. 1019 & 1020. 
Scott, W. B. Origin of American Carnivora. P. Am. Ass. 1887, 
p. 258. 
An abstract of this paper summarizes its conclusions as to the relations 
of the American Tertiary forms, in which it is concluded that Amphicyon 
represents an extremely generalized type. 
I. PINNIPEDIA. 
Balkwill, F. H. On the Geographical Distribution of Seals. Zool. 
(3) xii, pp. 401-411. 
A summary of the chief family characters of Seals, together with an 
account of the distribution of living forms and a list of the species. 
Harrison, A. J. Remarks about Seals. P. Bristol Soc. (2) v, pp. 
290-297. 
A popular account of some points in the structure and the habits of 
Seals. 
Lebouq, H. Recherches sur la Morphologie de la Main chez les Pinni- 
pedes. Stud. Mus. Zool. Dundee, i, pp. ii & 1-8, pi. & woodcuts. 
The author concludes that the flippers of the Pinnipeds are not an 
intermediate step in the development of those of the Cetacea ( q.v .). 
Philippi, R. A. Berechtigung der Syuonymie von Otaria philippii , 
Peters, &c. Arch. f. Nat. 1888, i, pp. 116-118. 
Criticizes and amends Burmoister’s synonymy of the species. In Zool. 
Cart, xxix, pp. 310-313, the same writer has observations on various 
species of Otaria ; see also p. 3 15 of same volume. 
Theodor, F. Das Gehirn des Seehundes ( Phoca vitulina). Ber. Frei- 
berg Ges. iii, pp. 72-94, pis. viii-x. 
An elaborate memoir, illustrated with eight views of the brain of this 
Seal. It is concluded that the difference between the brain of the Pinni- 
pedia and Carnivora Vera is so marked as to indicate that these two 
groups must have been differentiated at an early Tertiary epoch. 
Turner, W. The Pineal Body ( Epiphysis cerebri) in the Brains of the 
Walrus and Seals. J. Anat. Phys. xxii, pp. 300-303. 
The pineal body is found to be unusually large in the Walrus, and, to 
a somewhat less extent, in the Seals ; and the bearing of this feature on 
the pineal eye of Reptiles is then discussed. 
. Report on the Seals. Rep. Voyage ‘ Challenger 1 Zcol. vol. xxvi 
pt 68, 240 pp., 10 pis., & woodcuts. 
This part consists of a description of the skeletons of the Seals 
collected during the ‘ Challenger’ Expedition ; of a revised classification 
of the Pinnipedia ; of a description of the brains of the Elephant-Seal 
aud Walrus, and a comparison with those of other Carnivora and the 
