42 Mamm. 
MAMMALIA. 
theriuni giganteum was the largest, next to which was Elephas antiquus , 
then E. meridionalh , Mastodon ohioticus ( americanus ), and E. primigenius. 
In La Nature a figure is given of JJinotherium and Elephas primigenius. 
Neiiring, A. Ueber den Eiufluss der Domestication auf die Grosse der 
Thiere, namentlich fiber Grossenunterscheide zwischen wilden und 
zahmen Grunzochsen ( Poephuyus grunniens). SB. nat. Fr. 1888, 
pp. 133-141, 
Gives measurements of different portions of the skeleton of wild and 
domesticated Yaks. 
Paylow, M. Etudes sur l’Histoire Paleontologique des Ongules — 
pt. ii. Le Dev&oppement des Eqaidce , pt. iii. The Rhinouerotidoi 
and Tapir idee. Bull. Mosc. 1888, pp. 135-182, pis. i & ii. 
A continuation of a previous paper [Zool. Rec. xxiv, Mamm. p. 37]. 
The second part gives a general review of previous writings regarding 
the evolution of the Equidce (including Palceotheriidce, &c.), followed by 
a discussion on the same subject, in the course of which some interesting 
observations are made on foot-structure and. on the alleged atavistic 
characters of the milk-molars. It is considered that Hipparion is not the 
ancestor of Equus. The third part discusses the Rhinocerotidue and 
Tapiridas in a much briefer manner. One plate illustrates the dentition 
of the Equidie and allied families ; while ihe second is devoted to the 
foot-structure of Anchitherium and Hipparion. This memoir is reviewed 
by Cope, in Am. Nat. xxii, pp. 448 & 449, where a new generic term is 
proposed [see Equida j]. 
I. PROBOSCIDEA. 
Arcelin, A. Le Mammouth et le Deluge. Rev. Quest. Sci. xii, pp. 
38-C7. 
A review of tho work by Howorth noticed in Zool. Rec. xxiv, Mamm. 
p. 38, with certain objections to the theories there propounded. 
Duges, A. El Parto de una Elefauta. Nat. Mex. (2) i, pp. 43 & 44, 
pi. v, figs. 1-3. 
Describes the birth of an Elephant-calf in captivity. 
Weithofer, K. A. Einige Bemerkungen fiber den Carpus der Pro- 
boscidier. Morph. JB. xiv, pp. 5U7-510. 
Criticises Cope’s description of the Proboscidean carpus, and shows 
that in some cases there may be a certain amount of alternation of the 
bones of the proximal and distal rows. The relations of the Proboscidea 
to the other Ungulate suborders are then discussed ; and the paper con- 
cludes with some supplemental notes on the carpus of Elephas africanus ) 
E. indicusj and E. primigenius. 
e . Elefhanti da:. 
For the fossil Elephants of Java, see Martin, supra , p. 14. II. 
Pohlig, SB. niederrhein. Ges. 1888, p. 40, has observations on remains of 
D\yarf Elephants from Sicily, and proposes to refer them to a race of 
