ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 
Molt. 35 
the Pteropoda. Fins of Ileteropoda and Pteropoda are homologous, and 
have no connection with the foot. In Gastropods and Pelecypods the 
only differentiation in the ventral wall is the protopodium ; they have no 
deutopodium ; Kalide (1). 
Theoretical observations on the locomotion of Pterotrachea ; Am a ns. 
3 . Digestive System. 
The Thecosomata have a radula (formula 1:1:1), two lateral jaws, 
and two salivary glands. The stomach has a masticatory apparatus of four 
large plates, a small posterior one, and generally eight smaller anterior : 
an anal gland is present. In the Gymnosomata the anterior region forms 
a proboscis, there are buccal appendages carrying suckers or sensory 
organs, and evaginable sacs bearing hooks. The jaws unite ventrally in 
the middle line. The stomach is unarmed. Pelseneer (2). 
Jaws and radulae of Ancylus and Velletia described ; Ulicny (2). 
Mounting radulae ; Beecher. 
Radula of Lycotypus ; Zabriskie : of Chcetoderma ; Hubrecht, p. 328. 
Comparative anatomy of the salivary glands and some other organs of 
the Sfenoglossa leads to the justification of grouping together the Coral- 
liophilido ?, Buccinidce , and Muricidce ; Bouvier (1). 
The bulbar salivary glands of Octopus are represented in Decapoda by 
a median glandular aggregate embedded in the buccal mass. There is 
also a sublingual gland in all the forms examined. These both produce a 
coarsely granular secretion, the abdominal salivary glands a very fine 
ferment mixed with globules of mucus ; Joubin (2). 
The salivary glands of Sepia and Patella seem to be similar in func- 
tion to those of Vertebrata ; Griffiths (1). 
The stomach of Valvata piscinalis is very large, and extends into the 
spire ; Bernard (2). 
The crystalline style of Mytilus edulis disappears on starvation, and is 
supposed to be a reserve store of nutriment ; Haseloff. 
4 . Circulatory System. 
The blood-containing space of Mollusca and Arthropoda is not the 
homologue of the coelom of Chcetopoda and Vertebrata , hence the distinc- 
tive name “ haemocoel ” is proposed for it ; Lankester. 
Theoretical discussion of various observations on the development of 
the Molluscan heart ; Schimkewitsch. 
Anterior aorta in Cyclostoma has the usual course ; Garnault (8). 
In Aplysia the arterial system is not closed, as stated by Kollmann. 
The circulation in the gill is described ; Saint-Loup. 
Schiemenz’s results corroborated ; blood and vascular sphincters are 
sufficient to account for the erection of the foot ; Fleischmann. 
Blood of Tridacna contains, in addition to amoeboid cells, rounded oT 
oval bodies, whose protoplasm is full of refractive granules ; Brock (2). 
Fluid emitted by Planorbis corneus contains haemoglobin ; Williams, 
J. W. (4). 
