18 Prot. 
PROTOZOA. 
the ‘‘primitive disc” in adult specimens with regard to its bearing 
on dimorphism and sexuality. 
Certain marine Holotricha and Hypotricha have numerous unmistakable 
nuclei. The multinuclear form may possibly be an advantage against 
injuries, each separate portion being capable of regeneration. In 
Holosticha scintella paranuclei, by repeated division, become so small as 
to escape observation. Gruber. 
Maupas (1) describes the results of minute observation of various 
Vorticellidce. Reproduction is much as in other Ciliafci. The mioro- 
and macrogametes, though so different in size, play an identical sexual 
part. 
The surface of Tintinnodea is always ciliated. In some species there 
are two kinds of cilia. In most forms, including all marine, the cilia are 
arranged in four spiral grooves. The peristome is only slightly contractile. 
Da day (1). 
Kunstler (1) describes a new Foraminifer found at Arcachon. Test 
chitinous and areolar. The areolated protoplasm does not fill the whole 
test. Five transparent pseudopodia near the mouth. Fairly definite 
oesophageal tube. Embryos are formed by a chitinous layer appearing 
round the protoplasm surrounding the nuclei. They escape by the 
mouth. 
Embryos clustered round the anterior end of one specimen of Podo- 
phrya compressa gave the appearance of exogenous division, and it is 
thought that similar appearances may have deceived other observers, and 
that exogenous division is not so common among Acinetans as is some- 
times supposed. Nutting. 
Perroncito describes the encystmeut of Megastoma intestine* le (the 
Lamlia intestinalis of Blanchard) in the large intestine of Mas mtisadus. 
For the life-history of Rhizopoda , see Carter, F. B. 
For anatomical researches on Ciliata, see Fabre-Domergue (3). 
The morphology of somo parasitic Protozoa ; Grasse 
Kellicott gives a popular account of “tho nature of Protozoa .” 
The external conformation of Tintinnodea is described by Daday, (1) 
on p. 488 ; the internal structure on subsequent pages. The headings 
are : The body-substance, The nuclei, and The vacuoles. 
Encystmeut. 
Dessication is not the only nor the chief cause of eucyetment. Cysts 
for protective purposes differ chemically from those connected with 
reproduction. Vital operations continue during encystment. Excrement 
sometimes accumulates between the protoplasm of the cell and the cyst. 
Fabre-Domergue, (3) pp. 94 & 117. 
The encystmeut of Megastoma intestinale. Perroncito. 
Colpoda (Holotrich) has three kinds of cysts : Dividing Cysts, Per- 
manent Cysts, and Sporocysts. They are capable of conversion into each 
other. Ruumbi.er 
Encystment of Protista. Sacciii. 
