ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. 
Moll. 33 
cular invagination into the lumen of the pericardium of part of the dorsal 
pericardial wall ; Plate (354). — The heart of Area, which is single, 
described ; FRAN 901 S (134). — Circulatory system in Pelecypoda is fully 
discussed by M^n^gaux (279), who also treats of its rdle in connection 
with turgescence. — Turgescence in Pelecypoda is effected by the blood 
alone. In those having a well-developed foot there is a bojano-pedal 
opening, furnished with a sphincter ; Men^gaux (280). — Bulbus arteri- 
osus and valves of the aorta, of Pelecypoda ; Grobben (162), — Histology 
of the blood of Pelecypoda ; Griesbach (161). 
6. Respiratory System. 
Contejean (73, 74) can only find flat nucleated cells lining the wall 
of the pulmonary cavity of the snail. 
Respiration in Ampularia ; Bouvier (40) 
7. Excretory and Secretory System. 
Urinary apparatus of Limax, Amalia, and Avion \ Plate, (353) pp. 
580-586. — Renal function in Acephala ( Pecten and Gardium ); Letel- 
lier (230). — The gland described by Bohadsch (“ glandola opalina” of 
Vayssi&re) exists in general in all the Aplysiidce. It is formed of enor- 
mously developed glandular cells, derived from the ectoderm ; these cells 
are of throe kinds, and yield as many different secretions. Its mor- 
phology and physiology are fully treated ; Mazzarelli (273). — Byssus of 
young Maleayrina ejected and renewed ; the old shells are uot attached ; 
Kent (214). — Byssus in TJnio ; Sterki (424). — Perforation of bivalves 
by Natica is apparently effected by means of a boring gland situated on 
the under side of the extremity of the proboscis ; Schiemenz (385). 
8. Nervous System. 
Nervous system of Cyprcea ; Bouvier (39). — Development of the 
central nervous System of Pulmonata ; Schmidt (387). — In Veranya sicula 
there are two commissures between the visceral ganglia ; AppellOf (5). 
— Innervation of epipodial processes of some Nudibranchiata : in Polycera , 
Ancula, Tritonia, and Dendronotus, the epipodial nerves arise from pleural 
ganglia, or from the ventral and posterior parts of cerebro-pleural 
masses ; while in Eolis the chief epipodial nerves are from the pedal 
ganglia ; Herdmann & Clubb (181). 
Relationship of the circulatory apparatus to the nervous system in 
Gastropoda ; Bouvier (38). 
9. Sensory Organs. 
Physiology of the retina of Cephalopoda ; Rawitz (360). — Displace- 
ment of pigment in the Cephalopod eye under the influence of darkness j 
1891. [VOL. XXVIII.] D 3 
