ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Moll . 37 
tefrm “ Folioimmches ” for the “ Protobranchiata ,” and unites the Pseudo- 
lamellibranchiata and Filibranchiata under his “ Filibranches.” 
The extended text, so far as completed, of Neumayr’s scheme (296) of 
classification of the Pelecypoda has been published, under the editorship 
of Suess \cf Zool. Rec. 1883, pp. 86 & 87], — Cardium is polyphyletic 
and its forms descended from Megalodon through Pachyerisma ; 
Boehm (26). ; 
13. Stray Notes. 
Viviparous nature of Balea ; Craven & Smith (82). — Phosphorescence 
in Mollusca ; Hoyle, “Luminous Animals,” Rep. Manch. Micro. Soc. 
1890, p. xxxv. — Mechanical origin of structure in Pelecypods ; Jackson 
(196).— Mode of life of Acme ; Gallenstein (141). — Leptum squamosum 
commensal in the burrows of Gebia stellata ; Norman (305). — Burrowing 
habits of certain land and freshwater Molluscs ; Collinge (71). — 
Snails swimming at the surface of the water; Linden (231). — 
Froo-swimming Mussel larva [ Di'eisscnsia ] ; Blociimann (24 ).—Natica 
perforates bivalves apparently by means of a special gland ; Schiemenz 
(385). — Thread-spinning Mollusca : Limax ; Girard, Helios, 1891, p. 27. 
—Murex fortispina opens the valves of Area, on which it preys, by 
means of a tooth-like process on the outer lip ; Francois (134). — 
Parasitic Mollusca ; Cooke (75). — Entovalva mirabilis, n. g. & sp., 
parasitic Pdecypod, and a parasitic Gastropod (undescribed); Voeltz- 
kow (448). — Entovalva and Robillardia ; Fischer (112). — Mollusca in 
captivity ; Gain (140a). — Food of some British land Mollusca ; Gain 
(140). — Damage caused by Limax cinereus ; Friedel (136). — Local 
variation ; Winkley, Naut* v, p. 63. — Adventitious protection in 
freshwater Mollusca ; Fryer (137). — Means of distribution of Unionidce 
in S.E. United States ; Simpson (394). — Appearance of Mollusca in 
artificial ponds ; the" eggs of Limncea auricularia pass unharmed 
through the digestive system of swans ; Pascal (315). — Discussion 
of the question; Fischer (118). — Glacial period and British 
non-marine Mollusca ; Quilter, Conchologist, 1891, p. 18. — Slugs 
and frost ; Lowe (240). — Destruction of slugs and snails by toads and 
frogs ; Noel (P.), Rev. Sci. Nat. Ouest. 1891, p. 261. — Psyra godeti 
infested by Distoma ; Suter, (428) p. 95. — Boring sponge of the 
oyster is Gliona. celata, Grant ; Leidy, P. Ac. Philad. 1891, p. 122. 
— Algce perforating the shells of Mollusca ; Bornet, E., & Flahault, C. 
Sur quelques Plantes vivant dans le test calcaire des MollusqueS ; Bull. 
Soc. Botanique de France, xxxvi (1890), pp. cxlvii-clxxvi, 12 pis. [abstr. 
Nature, xliii, p. 185]. 
14. Economics. 
Edible [marine] Mollusca of Western North America; Hemphill (178). 
— Edible Mollusks of Rhode Is. ; Carpenter, H. F., Naut. iv, p. 137 
(criticised in vol. v, p. 4). — “Edible shell notes”; Stearns, Naut. v, 
