22 Crust . 
CRUSTACEA. 
Generation and Development. 
Can6 (MT. z. Stat. Neap, ix, p. 483) gives a full account of his investi- 
gations of the female reproductive organs in Decapoda. He also 
discusses the cement glands, and the manner in which the eggs are 
attached in the various Decapod groups. 
Leichmann (Bibl. Zool. x) has studied the reproduction of Isopoda. 
The Splueromidce show rudimentary traces of hermaphroditism. In 
Asellus and Sphceroma the ova are fertilised in the ovary itself. The 
formation of two polar bodies is noted, and the structure of the brood- 
chamber described. Leichmann finds, in the Sphceromidce, eight sacs, 
formed by invagination of the skin, in which the further development of 
the eggs takes place. They apparently furnish a nutritive fluid, as the 
yolk is insufficient to account for the size of the larva. 
Houle (C.R. cxiii, p. 153) has investigated the development of the 
mesoderm in Porcellio scaber and Palcemon serratus. 
Lebedinsky describes the development of Daphnia similis from the 
summer egg. 
In his account of the semi-parasitic Copepoda of Boulogne, Canu 
treats of the sexual dimorphism, the development, and the relations of 
the ascidicolous genera ; Bull. Sci. Fr. Belg. xxiii, p. 467. 
BumbAs (J. Morph, v, p. 215) gives a detailed account of the develop- 
ment of American Lobster, illustrated by six good plates. 
Butschinsky (Zapiski novoross. Obsch. Estestv. xiv, p. 79) has inves- 
tigated the development of Parapodopsus cornuta. 
See also Cano, Nusbaum, Houle, Wheeler. 
IV.— PHYSIOLOGY. 
The renal secretion in Crustacea , as shown by the study of Nika edulis , 
Alphceus ruber , and Caridina desmarestii , is a true secretion, and not 
merely a filtration. The walls of the bladder take an active part in the 
excretory process ; Marchal, C.R. cxiii, p. 223. See also Weldon. 
Fritsch treats of the coloration of Holopedium gibberosum. 
Griffiths describes his researches on the blood of Invertebrata ; P. R. 
Soc.Edinb. xviii, p. 288. 
Bonnier (C.R. cxiii, p. 808) discusses the antennary gland in the 
Orchestiulce, and Grobben (SB. Ak. Wien, xcix, p. 539) in Lucifer. 
For the minute structure of the Crustacean eye, see Claus, (2, 3, 6), 
also Yiallanes (3) ; and for the histology of the eye of the Lobster, 
see Parker and Szczawinska. 
Gogoza describes experiments on the influence of freshwater on marine 
animals. 
Demoor has investigated the mode of progression among Crustacea , 
and the nerve-centres which govern it. 
On locomotion, see also Gaubert. 
For the function of the palps, see Plateau. 
Butsohli & Schewiakoff (Biol. Centralbl. xi, p. 33) have investigated 
the minute structure of Arthropod striated muscle. 
